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†nwgsI‡q, ÷vBb‡eK dKbvi R¨vK jÛb wKsev m&j †e‡jvi g‡Zv Rb I nviv-i †Kv‡bv cwiwPwZ †bB Avgv‡`i †`‡k| wek¦mvwnZ¨, we‡klZ AvaywbK gvwK©wb mvwnZ¨ m¤^‡Ü wek` †LuvR-Lei iv‡Lb GiKg Aí K‡qKRb e¨w³ Zvi iPbv c‡o _vK‡eb| GBgvÎ hv‡`i bvg ejv n‡jv Zviv, jÿ¨ Kiæb, cÖvq mK‡jB †bv‡ej weRqx mvwnwZ¨K| †bv‡ej ev cywjeRv‡ii g‡Zv cyi¯‹v‡i m¤§vwbZ †jL‡Ki cwiwPwZ I eB-c‡Îi wewµ-evUv wek¦Ry‡o| we‡kl K‡i †bv‡ej cÖvB‡Ri A_©g~j¨ Ges m¤§vbbv g~j¨ GZ DuPy h, Zv cÖvq AÜKv‡i _vKv GKRb wmwiqvm †jLK‡K ivZvivwZ wek¦L¨vZ K‡i Zzj‡Z cv‡i wVK †hgbUv N‡UwQj †cvj¨v‡Ûi wkg‡Kv‡iv¯‹vi †ejvq| ¯^fveZB c„w_exi mvwnZ¨iwmK cvVK‡`i Drme `„wó wM‡q co‡e †miKg GKRb †jL‡Ki Ici| ev¯ÍeZv GB, cyi¯‹vicÖvß AímsL¨K †jL‡Ki evB‡i †_‡K hvb Ggb †ek wKQy mvwnwZ¨K K…ZÁZvi m‡½ hv‡`i miY Kiv nq †`‡k-we‡`‡k| †f‡e †`Lyb| Av‡gwiKv-hy³ivóª KZ eo †`k! K‡Zv mvwnwZ¨K †mLv‡b! wKš‘ `k‡K-`k‡K WRb WRb gvbm¤úbœ †jLK †ewi‡q G‡jI cÖK…Z ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †jL‡Ki msL¨v wPiKvjB nv‡Z‡MvbvÐAv‡gwiKvi g‡Zv RvqMv‡ZI| †mRb¨, gvwK©wb K_vmvwn‡Z¨i MZ GK kÕ eQ‡ii BwZnv‡m, †`Lv hv‡”Q, wek¦-cvV‡Ki ü`q Rq Kivi g‡Zv †jLK Av‡Qb Rbv c‡bi| Rb I nviv (1905-1970) m¤¢eZ GB mswÿß ZvwjKvi AšÍfy©³ n‡eb| 1960/65 mvj ch©šÍ gvwK©wb K_vmvwn‡Z¨i RM‡Z `vc‡Ui m‡½ wePiY K‡i‡Qb Rb| cÖavbZ K_vmvwnwZ¨K GB †jLK MíDcb¨vm QvovI Av‡jv¸‡jv bvUK Ges wPÎbvU¨ wj‡L‡Qb| e¨eüZ me¸‡jv gva¨‡gB †i‡L †M‡Qb `ÿ KvwiM‡ii wbcyY nv‡Zi ¯^vÿi| The Lockwood Concern (1965) eB‡Z, Gi Av‡M Zvi AviI 10/11wU D‡jøL‡hvM¨ MÖš’ †ewi‡q wM‡qwQj, nviv wj‡LwQ‡jb, ÒAvwg hLbB †c‡iwQ Gme (AwfÁZvcyÄ) wj‡L ivL‡Z †P‡qwQ, G‡Kev‡i wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i| Avwg Rvwb, GB kZvãxi gvwK©b hy³iv‡óªi mvgvwRK Pjw”PÎ Ges †KŠZ‚njx gvbyl wn‡m‡e Avgvi wb‡Ri †h Ôwe‡kl ÁvbÕ Av‡Q Zv w`‡q wewfbœ mg‡q Avgvi ÿgZvq hZUv Kz‡jvq G m¤^‡Ü wj‡L hvIqvi †Póv K‡i hvw”Q hv Avgvi GKvšÍ KZ©Ze¨|Ó (Abyev`: †jLK)
cÖ_g Dcb¨vm †e‡iv‡bvi AvM ch©šÍ I nvivi Rxeb †Kgb wQj, †R‡b †bqv hvK| cU&m&wfj Zvi Rb¥¯’vb| ˆkke-ˆK‡kv‡ii †jLv-covI GLv‡bB| A‡bKUv iæÿ †Pnvivi ZiæY nviv AviI A‡bK L¨vwZgvb gvby‡li gZB ¯‹z‡ji wbqg-k„•Ljvi cÖwZ wQ‡jb exZivM| d‡j wW‡cøvgv cvIqvi Av‡MB ¯‹zj †_‡K ewn®‹…Z nb| Kzwo eQi eq‡m evev-gv‡K nv‡iv‡bvi ci msmv‡i †b‡g Av‡m Pig `yw`©b| e¨emvq †jvKmvb nevi Kvi‡Y cwieviwU mwZ¨Kvi `yie¯Ívq cwZZ nq| K‡j‡R covi cwiKíbv ev` w`‡q Rb wbR †Rjv kn‡ii †QvU msev`c‡Î mvsevw`KZvi KvR †bb| †mLv‡b wZb eQi KvR Kivi ci I nviv wbDBq‡K© cvwo †`b| Awej‡¤^ gnvbMixi GKwU ˆ`wb‡K KvR cvb wZwb| c‡ii K‡qK eQi wbDBq‡K©i †ek wKQy msev`cÎ I mvgwqKx KvR K‡ib| nvivi Rxe‡bi wbDBqK© Aa¨vqwU‡K Ôcvbkvjv ce©Õ wn‡m‡e AvL¨vwqZ Kiv P‡j| †Kbbv H kn‡i †cuŠQvi Aí K‡qK w`‡bi g‡a¨B wZwb wbqwgZ GKUz fvj gv‡bi cvbkvjvq hvIqv ïiæ K‡ib| Gme RvqMvq wZwb K‡j‡Ri Aa¨vcK, bexb Awf‡bZv-Awf‡bÎx, e¨emvqx †_‡K Avi¤¢ K‡i Ag‡bv‡hvMx K‡jR QvÎ, eLv‡U †QvKiv Ges mvaviY †jvKR‡bi m‡½ cwiwPZ I Zv‡`i Kv‡iv Kv‡iv m‡½ NwbôI nb| g`¨kvjvq hvIqv Ges g`¨cv‡bi gvÎvI †e‡o hvq| d‡j AbygwZ bv wb‡q, †Lqvj-Lywkg‡Zv QywU KvUv‡bvi gvïj wn‡m‡e Zvi msev`c‡Îi PvKwiwU †Lvqv hvh| 1928 mv‡j ÔThe New yorkerÕ mvgwqKx‡Z I nvivi †QvUMí cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ nq| Gi Aí K‡qK gvm c‡i wZwb n‡q I‡Vb GKRb wbqwgZ †jLK| †QvU MíKvi wn‡m‡e cuvP eQi AwZevwnZ nIqvi ci wZwb wm×všÍ †bb Dcb¨vm †jLvi| ÕAppointment in Samarra n‡”Q Zvi †mB cÖ_g Dcb¨vm| cÖ_g Dcb¨v‡mB evRx gvr| AmsL¨ Kwc wewµ nq eBwUi| ivZvivwZ ïay weL¨vZ bq, gvwK©b †`‡ki GKRb cÖ_g mvwii †jLK wn‡m‡e cwiwPwZ cvb Rb I nviv|
bvbv Kvi‡Y I nvivi eB Avgv‡`i †`‡k `y®úªvc¨| fvwM¨m Avgv‡`i, †K›`ªxq cvewjK jvB‡eªwi‡Z gvwK©wb mvwn‡Z¨i †ek wKQy eB Av‡Q| Appointment in Samarra Ae‡k‡l Lyu‡R cvIqv †M‡Q †mLv‡bB| eBwU g‡b wQj eûw`b †h‡nZz RvbZvg, nvivi K_vmvwnwZ¨K L¨vwZi †PŠÏAvbvB `uvwo‡q Av‡Q Gi Ici| GKwUgvÎ eB‡qi wfwˇZ GKRb we‡`wk †jLK‡K wb‡q wjL‡Z emv KZUv mgxPxb GB cÖkœ gv_vq †i‡LI GUv †eva nq ejv hvq, GB wbeÜ g~jZ cvV cÖwZwµqv| Avi wek¦mvwn‡Z¨ AvMÖnx A_P g~j †U·U co‡Z cvi‡Qb bv (fv‡jv Abyev`I GLv‡b `yj©f) GiKg cvV‡Ki m‡½ GKRb †eMvbv †jL‡Ki cwiPq NUv‡bvI GB iPbvi Ab¨ D‡Ïk¨| hv‡nvK, Dcb¨vm cÖm‡½ wd‡i Avwm| ÔG¨vc‡h›U‡g›UÕ---Gi cUf‚wg n‡”Q †jL‡Ki wb‡Ri †Rjv kni cU&m&wfj| wKš‘ Avi †K, bvivqY †hgb gvj¸w` ej‡Z †Kv‡bv we‡kl RvqMv †evSvq bv, †Zgwb nvivI cU&m&wfj‡K we‡kl GKUv RvqMv wn‡m‡e fv‡ebwb| wZwb GB kniwU‡K †`‡L‡Qb c~e© Av‡gwiKvi GK †QvÆ RMr wn‡m‡e| †mB RM‡Z emevmKvix †jvKRb M‡o Zz‡j‡Q Ggb GK mgvRKvVv‡gv hv‡K wbDBq‡K©i, n¨vwimev‡M©i wKsev wdjv‡Wjwdqvi mgvRKvVv‡gvi m‡½ †gjv‡bv hv‡e| ZvB I nvivi Kj‡g cU&m&wfj n‡q †M‡Q Mxe&m&wfj| GLvbKvi Awaevmx‡`i wPšÍvavivI cÖv¸³ kni¸‡jvi bvMwiK‡`i g‡Zv| e¨w³gvby‡li Avw` †gŠj cÖeYZvmg~n Ges Zvi kw³-mvg_©¨ KZ`~i ch©šÍ †h‡Z cv‡i Zv h‡_ó fv‡jv K‡i ch©‡eÿY K‡i‡Qb GB †jLK| AwfRvZ †kªYxi mnvq-m¤ú` I ÿgZvi `vcU Kx Kx cÖeYZvi Rb¥ †`q Avi Zviv wK Awbevh© cwiYwZi w`‡K G‡Mvq ZvI wbweofv‡e †Lqvj K‡i‡Qb wZwb| GUv ej‡j Avkv Kwi fzj n‡e bv †h, K_vwkíx wn‡m‡e I nvivi mg~`q AvMÖ‡ni †K›`ªwe›`y n‡”Q wek kZ‡Ki cÖ_gv‡a©i c~e© Av‡gwiKvi weËkvjx m¤úª`v‡qi RxebhvÎvi LyuwUbvwU
Rb I nviv Dcb¨v‡mi †fZi w`‡q Ggb GK AvcvZkvšÍ c„w_ex wbg©vY K‡i‡Qb hvi A‡bKLvwbB eû gvby‡li ARvbv| evB‡i †_‡K Zvi GKUv gvwR©Z iƒc †`Lv hvq `„wó‡MvPi nq weivU cÖvmv`, wejvmeûj K¬ve, `vwg Mvwo, PvKi-evKi, gm„Y †Nvov I Zvi cwiZ…ß Av‡ivnx BZ¨vw`| GB we‡kl c„w_exi evwm›`v‡`i m¤^‡Ü †jL‡Ki eY©bv mnR I AvKl©Yxq| †hb GK RvqMvq †jLK ej‡Qb, ÔUvKv-cqmv Avi ÿgZvi cÖ‡kœ GB kn‡ii †jv‡Ki wVK Ace¨qx bq, K…cY †Zv bqB| G‡`i g‡a¨ Lye Kg †jvKB hv‡K e‡j avwg©K, we`»R‡bi msL¨v Av‡iv Kg| wKš‘ RMr-cwi‡e‡k Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i ¯’vb ev Aw¯ÍZ¡ wel‡q AUj wbivcËv‡eva Av‡Q| Zviv cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Pvicv‡k GB †PZbvjqwU wbg©vY K‡i‡Qb cÖwZK‚jZvi aviYv‡K cvËv bv †`qvi ¯^v‡_©B| (Abyev`: †jLK)| mvwnwZ¨‡Ki GB †h `„wó GUv‡K Avgiv mvgvwRK AšÍ`„wó ej‡Z cvwi| GB AšÍ©`„wó †Kej ÔG¨vc‡q›U‡g›U Bb mvgvivÕ-i bq, Hope of Heaven (1938), A Rage to Live (1949) mn AviI K‡qKwU Dcb¨v‡mi cÖavb m¤ú`|
wZwi‡ki, Pwjø‡ki, cÂv‡ki `k‡Ki, GgbwK lv‡Ui `k‡Ki cÖ_gv‡a©i gvwK©wb gvbyl †hfv‡e bvbv wRwbk Abyfe K‡i‡Q, Avjvc K‡i‡Q, cªwZwµqv e¨³ K‡i‡Q I nviv †mB mg¯Í wKQy‡KB †jLvq ai‡Z †P‡q‡Qb wewPÎ †KŠk‡j| Zvi mvgvwRK `„wófw½B Zv‡K DØy× K‡i‡Q e¯‘i †fZ‡ii †Pnviv Ae‡jvKb Kivi Kv‡R| ZviB m„ó †K›`ªxq PwiÎ Jocy †K ZvB, Avgiv †`wL cwievwiK Avq-e¨q, †cvkv‡Ki c¨vUvb©, †Kv‡Ui ey‡Ki `yÕcv‡ki fuvR †`qvi ÷vBj, Mvwoi g‡Wj, bvbv ¯’v‡b AbywôZe¨ †Ljvayjv BZ¨vKvi w`bvby‰`wbK ev¯ÍeZvi cÖwZ Zxÿè `„wó ivL‡Z| nviv Aw½Z †Kv‡bv PwiÎ hLb †Kv‡bv we‡kl †Kv¤úvwbi Mvwo, †Kv‡bv we‡kl ai‡bi wRwbm-cÎ A_ev we‡kl bgybvi †cvkvK-cwi”Q‡`i bvg K‡ib ZLb GUv †evSv hvq †h, †jL‡Ki ¯’vb-Kvj-cvÎ welqK e„ËvšÍ ev¯ÍevbyMZ h_v_©| I nviv Kw_Z Ôwe‡kl ÁvbÕ cÖhy³ n‡q‡Q Zvi Dcb¨vm mvwn‡Z¨ cÖvYx I e¯‘i cÖksmbxq web¨v‡mi gva¨‡g| awbK †kªYxi gvby‡li mgvR-cÖwZ‡ek, Zv‡`i ewnRxeb I AšÍRxe‡bi LyuwUbvwUB hw` nvivi K_vmvwn‡Z¨i cÖavbZg DcRxe¨ nq, Zvn‡j Zvi w_g fvebv‡K ¸iæZ¡c~Y© K‡i Zz‡j‡Q wewPÎ me Av‡qvRbÕ| GB Av‡qvRb‡K eY©vX¨ K‡i Zz‡j‡Q cÖZxc ˆewkó¨m¤úbœ bvbvai‡bi gvbyl, hvi g‡a¨ Av‡Q mywoLvbvi gvwjK, ivR‰bwZK †bZv, Kj¼MÖ¯Í bvix-cyiæl, Lwb-gvwjK, KviLvbvi kªwgK, Awf‡bZv, wPÎwkíx, cwZZv, ÔM¨v‡i‡Ri Kgx©Õ wPwKrmK, †jvnvi †`vKv‡bi †mjmg¨vb, Aa¨vcK|
ÔG¨vc‡q›U‡g›U Bb mvgvivÕi †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Ask hw`I Avgvi Kv‡Q G‡jv‡g‡jv †V‡K‡Q, Zv m‡Ë¡I GUv mywjwLZ| mymsnwZ I cwiwgwZ‡ev‡ai fvi `„óvšÍ n‡Z cv‡i Dcb¨vmwU| Gi M`¨fw½ Zxh©K, AjsKviwenxb| msjvc ev¯Íem¤§Z| g‡b n‡q‡Q A‡bK RvqMvq †jLK msjv‡ci cwie‡Z© e³e¨ w`‡q‡Qb| cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb wbR¯^ AwfgZ hv mvaviY m‡Z¨i mZ¨ †kvbvq| †hgb ÔUvKvKwo Avi ÿgZv ci¯úi, mswkøó bq wVK †hgbwU gv_vi m‡½ Uzwc ev n¨vU; Z‡e Giv G‡K Ac‡ii Ask wVK †hgbwU agbx‡Z cÖengvb i³ Avi kixi| (Abyev`: †jLK)
Rb I nviv mgKvjxb †jLK‡`i †fZi GKRb kw³ai Abb¨ cÖwZfv| Zvi g~j¨vqb nIqv DwPZ wPšÍvkxj K_vmvwnwZ¨K wn‡m‡e| mvwn‡Z¨i bvbv kvLvq Zvi Abvqvm wePiY GUvB cÖgvY K‡i †h, wZwb MocoZv †jLK bb| weËevb‡`i AvPvi-AvPiY I fveaviv dzwU‡q †Zvjvi cvkvcvwk Zv‡`i ag©msµvšÍ Abyf‚wZ I ixwZ-bxwZI Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb wZwb| KL‡bv g„`y mgv‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb KL‡bv Avevi Qyu‡o‡Qb e¨‡½i Zxi| Rxeb †hiKg †ZgbUvB wjL‡Z †P‡q‡Qb GB gvwK©wb †jLK| Zvic‡iI ej‡ev, Rxeb‡K wZwb cy‡ivcywi bKj K‡ibwb| Gw`K †_‡K I nviv wf‡±vwiqv hy‡MI K_vKvi Pvj©m wW‡KÝ (hw`I wW‡K‡Ýi g‡Zvi nvm¨im Zvi g‡a¨ Abycw¯’Z) Ges mywbw`ó GKwU gvbe‡kªYxi Rxe‡bi fvl¨KviÐ GB A‡_© DBwjqvg dKbv‡ii m‡MvÎ| dKbvi Aek¨ wgwmwmwci mvaviY gvbyl‡`i (Pvlx, wkKvix, wb‡MÖvkªwgK, †R‡j, †eKvi-feNy‡i BZvw`) wb‡q Dcb¨vm-cwigÊj M‡o Zzj‡jI iPbvixwZ‡i wePv‡i ixwZg‡Zv mvs‡KwZK, inm¨ve„Z, Avav-†cŠivwYK| d‡j A‡bKLvwbB `y‡e©va¨| Rb I nvivi mvwnZ¨hyM wPwýZ n‡q‡Q A¯úóZv, mv‡½wZKZv Avi D™¢U Kíbvi hyM wn‡m‡e| †h Kv‡j K_vmvwn‡Z¨ Rxebmyjf ev¯ÍeZvi cÖ‡qvM Kg iæwPm¤§Z †mB hy‡M I nviv ev¯Í‡ei A‡bKUv KvQvKvwQ Avmvi mvnm †`wL‡q‡Qb hv †Kej kw³gšÍ †jL‡Ki c‡ÿB m¤¢e|
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