GKzk gv‡b evsjv fvlvi AnsKvi wek¦Ry‡o gvZ…fvlv
Ôevsjv Avgvi gv‡qi fvlv| evsjv Avgvi cÖv‡Yi fvlv| Avwg evsjvq K_v ewj| Avwg evsjvq Mvb MvB| Avgiv evOvwj| evsjv Avgv‡`i Me©|Õ cÖwZwU K_vi gv‡SB Av‡Q GKUz Ab¨iKg Avb›` I myLvbyf‚wZ| ZvB †Zv GKzk Avgv‡`i AnsKvi| GKzk Avgv‡`i †PZbv| GKzk gv‡b iw³g ivRc_| GKzk gv‡b weRqMuv_v cÖ”Q`cU| cÖwZ eQi GKzk Av‡m evOvwji †PZbv‡K RvMÖZ Ki‡Z| Avi †mB Z¨v‡Mi AvšÍR©vwZK ¯^xK…Z †c‡q GKzk G‡m‡Q AvšÍR©vwZK gvZ…fvlv w`em n‡q| we‡k¦i cÖvq mv‡o Qq nvRvi fvlvi Rb¨ Avkvi GKwU w`b| GKzk evsjv‡`‡ki fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi †MŠie, †PZbv I HwZ‡n¨i g~Z©cÖZxK| AvšÍR©vwZK gvZ…fvlv w`em cvjb Ki‡Z, fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi knx`‡`i K_v ¯§iY Ki‡Z Ges GKz‡kÕi †PZbv‡K mgy¾j ivL‡Z Avgiv cÖZxÿvq _vwK GKz‡kÕi| `yqv‡i `uvwo‡q _vKv GKzk wb‡qB Avgv‡`i Gev‡ii Av‡qvRb| wj‡L‡Qb Lv‡j` Avn‡g`
†fvi †mvqv cuvPUv| Kwig mv‡ne Zvovû‡ov K‡i †cvkvK co‡Qb| bvwZ-bvZwb‡`i wb‡q knx` wgbv‡i hv‡eb| QqUvi Av‡M †cuŠQ‡Z bv cvi‡j, wfo †e‡o hvq e‡jB GB Zvovû‡ov| cÖfvZ‡dwi‡Z bv †M‡j Zvi fv‡jv jv‡M bv| GB Af¨vmUvI eû eQ‡ii| ZvB cÖwZeQi cÖZxÿvq _v‡Kb †deªæqvwi gv‡mi GB w`bwUi Rb¨| knx` wgbv‡i dzj w`‡q fvlv knx`‡`i kª×v Rvbv‡bv Ges Zv‡`i AvZ¥vi gvM‡divZ Kvgbv Kiv Zvi Kv‡Q GKwU †MŠie I K…ZÁZv Rvbv‡bvi welq| evqvbœÕi †mB mgqUvq Kwig mv‡ne cÖvBgvwi ¯‹z‡ji QvÎ wQ‡jb| _vK‡Zb cyivb XvKvq| ZLb GZUzKz eyS‡Zb gv‡qi fvlv evsjv cÖwZôv Ki‡Z QvÎiv ¸wj‡Z cÖvY w`‡q‡Q, GUv A‡bK †MŠi‡ei| ZvB †Zv fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi †mvbvjx Mí AvR bvwZ-bvZwb‡`i †kvbv‡Z cvi‡Qb| GB Mí †_‡KB bZzb cÖRb¥ GKz‡kÕi †PZbv‡K Zv‡`i ey‡K jvjb Ki‡e wPiKvj|
d¬vke¨vK GKz‡k
evsjv fvlvi cÖwZ Avgv‡`i AvbyMZ¨ I A½xKvi eû hy‡Mi| 1919 mv‡j kvwšÍ wb‡KZ‡b Kwe¸iæ AvûZ GK m‡¤§j‡b fvlvwe` W. gynv¤§` knx`yjøvn Rvwb‡q †`b, fviZe‡l© RvZxq fvlvi mwVK `vwe`vi nj evsjv fvlv| 1937 mv‡ji 23 GwcÖj evsjvi gymwjg mgv‡Ri cÖ_g ˆ`wbK AvRv‡` Ôfvi‡Zi ivóªfvlvÕ kxl©K GK m¤úv`Kxq‡Z gvIjvbv AvKivg Luv wnw›`-D`y©i weZK© AemvbK‡í G `yÕwU fvlviB `ye©jZv Av‡jvPbv K‡i †Rviv‡jv fvlvq AwfgZ e¨³ K‡ib †h, fvi‡Zi (Awef³ fviZel©) ivóªfvlvi gh©v`vi me‡P‡q †hvM¨ `vwe`vi nj mg„× I ˆeÁvwbK fvlv Avgv‡`i evsjv fvlv| GB avivevwnKZvq 1947 mv‡j cvwK¯Ív‡bi cÖwZôvj‡Mœ Ryb †_‡K wW‡m¤^ie¨vwc `vwe I‡V †h, evsjv n‡e cvwK¯Ív‡bi ivóªfvlv| ZLb cvwK¯Ív‡bi RbmsL¨vi 63 kZvsk wQj c~e©evsjvi evsjv fvlvfvlx RbMY| †mmgq ZgÏyb gRwjk bv‡gi GKwU msMVb evsjv fvlvi Rb¨ Av‡›`vjbI K‡i| †mB `vwe cÖwZôvi j‡ÿ¨ we¯Íi †jLv‡jwL I mfv mgv‡ek Pj‡Z _v‡K| GK ch©v‡q 1948 mv‡ji 8 gvP© evsjv fvlvi `vwe‡Z Av‡qvwRZ GK Rbmfvq D`©y mg_©bKvixiv nvgjv Pvjvq| †mmgq QvÎ I eyw×Rxex gnj GKÎ n‡q cybivq Av‡›`vjb ïiæ Ki‡j 11 gvP© cywj‡ki mv‡_ Zv‡`i msNl© nq| Z‡e 15 gvP© G wel‡q QvÎmgvR I c~e©evsjv miKv‡ii (LvRv bvwRgDwÏb-ZrKvjxb cÖavbgš¿x) g‡a¨ GKwU AvU `dv mg‡SvZv I Pyw³ ¯^vÿwiZ nq| gv‡P©i 21 I 24 Zvwi‡L `y‡Uv e³…Zvq cvwK¯Ív‡bi Mfb©i †Rbv‡ij †gvnv¤§` Avjx wRbœvn XvKv md‡i G‡m evsjvi `vwe bvKP K‡i ïay D`y©‡K cvwK¯Ív‡bi ivóªfvlv †NvlYvi mycvwik K‡ib| H mgq wRbœvn mvgwqK fv‡e fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi MwZ‡K `ye©j Ki‡Z cvi‡jI cy‡ivcywi evbPvj Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb| 4 eQi ci cvwK¯Ív‡bi cÖavbgš¿x wn‡m‡e LvRv bvwRgDwÏb Zvi ¯^n‡¯Í m¤úvw`Z Pyw³ fz‡j wM‡q 1952 mv‡ji 27 Rvbyqvwi †NvlYv w`‡jb, D`©yB n‡e cvwK¯Ív‡bi GKgvÎ ivóªfvlv| GB AMYZvwš¿K wm×všÍ c~e© evsjv gvbj bv Ges Zv cvëv‡bvi Rb¨ ïiæ nj kvwšÍc~Y© wbqgZvwš¿K cÖwZev`| ax‡i ax‡i †mB cÖwZev` Qwo‡q c‡o XvKv †_‡K Ab¨vb¨ †Rjv kn‡i| Õ48 †_‡K Õ52 GB mgqKv‡j wZb evi ivóªfvlv msMÖvg cwil` MwVZ n‡qwQj| cÖwZeviB MwVZ nIqv IB cwil‡` g~j D‡`¨v³v wn‡m‡e KvR K‡ib wcÖwÝcvj Avãyj Kv‡mg|
evqvbœÕi 20 †deªæqvwi iv‡Z hyejx‡Mi D‡`¨v‡M 11 Rb Qv·bZv XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi XvKv nj I dRjyj nK n‡ji ga¨eZx© cyKzi cv‡o GK †Mvcb ˆeVK K‡ib| †m ivZ †_‡K 144 aviv Rvwi K‡i miKvi| miKv‡ii GB 144 aviv f‡½i e¨vcv‡iB wQj †Mvcb ˆeVK| ˆeV‡K wQ‡jb Avãyj †gvwgb, Av‡bvqvi †nv‡mb, MvRxDj nK, Av‡bvqviæj nK Lvb, nvexeyi ingvb †kjx, Gg Avi AvLZvi gyKzj, †gvt myjZvb, Gg G evix, gÄyi ûmvBb, ˆmq` KvgiæÏxb †nv‡mb kû` I wRjøyi ingvb| Zviv wm×všÍ MÖnY K‡ib †h, c‡ii w`b XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi AvgZjvq AvûZ QvÎ mgv‡e‡k c~e© cvwK¯Ívb gymwjg QvÎjx‡Mi KvD‡K mfvcwZZ¡ Ki‡Z †`qv hv‡e bv| KviY G‡Z 144 aviv f½ Kivi wm×všÍ e¨vnZ n‡Z cv‡i| †mw`b iv‡Z XvKv kn‡i PjwQj cywj‡ki †MÖdZvi Awfhvb| ZvB mfvq Av‡iv wm×všÍ nq †h, MvRxDj nK †MÖdZvi bv n‡j wZwbB IBw`b mfvcwZZ¡ Ki‡eb| Avi †MÖdZvi n‡j Gg Avi AvLZvi gyKzj Ges hw` gyKzj †MÖdZvi nb Z‡e mfvcwZZ¡ Ki‡eb KvgiæÏxb †nv‡mb kû`| ciw`b mKvj `kUvi Av‡MB c~e© wba©vwiZ AvgZjvi mfvq mevB Dcw¯’Z nq| †mLv‡b ¯‹zj, K‡jR I wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wkÿv_x©‡`i †h †gRvR I D‡ËRbv wQj Zv‡Z 144 avivi Ab¨vq wb‡lavÁv gvbvi †Kvb my‡hvM wQj bv| AvgZjvi mfv †kl n‡Z `ycyi Movq| wek¦we`¨vj‡qi †MU †cwi‡q bvg‡jv QvÎ-QvÎx‡`i `j| ïiæ n‡jv wgwQj| IB wgwQ‡j c_Pvix mn Av‡iv A‡b‡KB Ask wb‡jb| wgwQj †_‡K †¯øvMvb w`w”Qj mevB Ôivóª fvlv evsjv PvB, ivóªfvlv evsjv PvB, †Zvgvi Avgvi wVKvbv, cÙv †gNbv hgybv|Õ gv‡qi fvlv evsjvi `vwe‡Z †¯øvMv‡b †¯øvMv‡b IB mgq cÖKw¤úZ nw”Qj cy‡iv ivRc_| Avi †mB wgwQ‡j cvwK¯Ívwb nv‡qbviv (cywjk) wbg©gfv‡e ¸wj Pvjv‡jv| knx` n‡jb mvjvg, eiKZ, iwdK, ReŸvi, kwdK, AwnDjøvnmn Av‡iv `k-c‡bi Rb| wb‡Ri ey‡Ki ZvRv i³ †X‡j w`‡q Zviv cÖgvY Ki‡jb, ÔRvb †`e Zey gv‡qi fvlv †K‡o wb‡Z †`e bvÕ| Gi mv‡_ weKwkZ n‡jv GKz‡ki †MŠie, GKz‡ki †PZbv, GKz‡ki HK¨|
GKz‡k Avgv‡`i AnsKvi
evOvwj RvwZi BwZnv‡mi GKwU D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Aa¨vq GKz‡k †deªæqvwi| we‡k¦ GKgvÎ evOvwj RvwZ wb‡Ri fvlvi Rb¨ i³ w`‡q‡Q| nvRv‡iv cÖwZeÜKZv Gi DËiY †VKv‡Z cv‡iwb| ZvB AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e fvlv knx`‡`i cÖwZ kª×v Rvbv‡Z BD‡b‡¯‹v GKz‡k †deªæqvwi‡K AvšÍR©vwZK gvZ…fvlv w`em wn‡m‡e †NvlYv K‡i‡Q| mvivwe‡k¦i gvbyl GB w`‡b hvi hvi gvZ…fvlvi cÖwZ kª×v Rvbvq| ZvB GKz‡k Avgv‡`i AnsKvi|
mvwnZ¨ I ms¯‹…wZ‡Z GKzk
evOvwj gv‡bB GKz‡ki †PZbvq mgy¾¡j| ZvB evsjv mvwnZ¨ I ms¯‹…wZ‡Z GKz‡ki h‡_ó cÖfve i‡q‡Q| fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi A‡bK Av‡M †_‡KB evsjv fvlvi cÖwZ gymwjg †jLK‡`i fv‡jvevmv `„k¨gvb nq| Zviv gvZ…fvlv‡K Avcb K‡i wb‡qwQ‡jb| Avãyj Kwig mvwnZ¨wekvi`, Kwe ˆmq` myjZvb, Kwe ew`DwÏb cÖgyL Kwe evsjv fvlvq M`¨ I c`¨ iPbv K‡ib| Ave`yj Kwig mvwnZ¨wekvi` Zuvi GKwU †jLvq e‡j‡Qb, Ôgymjgvb wn‡m‡e Avie-cvi‡m¨i m‡½ wPiKvj Avgiv AvšÍwiK †hvM Abyfe KwiqvwQ| Avevi GB †`k, AvenvIqv I A‡bœ MwVZ †`‡n bvwoi m¤úK© wQj GKvšÍfv‡e GB †`‡ki m‡½B|Õ cieZx©Kv‡j fvlv Av‡›`vjb‡K †K›`ª K‡i KweZv, Mí Z_v mvwnZ¨ PP©v n‡q Avm‡Q| GKz‡ki †PZbv‡K a‡i ivL‡Z cÖwZeQi evsjv GKv‡Wgx Av‡qvRb K‡i gvme¨vwc eB‡gjvi| hv cwiYZ nq cvVK-†jLK-cÖKvkK‡`i wgjb †gjvq|
GKz‡k Rb¥ w`‡q‡Q GKvˇii
wb‡Ri Aw¯ÍZ¡ iÿvi †ÿ‡Î fvlv n‡”Q gvby‡li PvwjKvkw³| A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK I ivR‰bwZK †ÿÎ weKv‡ki ¯^v‡_© evsjv fvlvi cÖwZôv Riæwi n‡q D‡VwQj e‡jB †mw`b mevB Rxeb evwR †i‡L GK‡hv‡M iv¯Ívq †b‡gwQj ivóªfvlvi `vwe‡Z| ¯^vaxbZv, †kvlY-ˆelg¨-eÂbv †_‡K gyw³ Ges ag© wbi‡cÿ RvwZ wn‡m‡e wb‡R‡`i cÖwZôvi c‡_ fvlv Av‡›`vjb cieZx© mg‡q mevB‡K AbycÖvwYZ K‡i‡Q| HwZnvwmKfv‡e fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi c_ †e‡qB G‡K G‡K RxebgyLx †PZbvi D‡b¥l N‡U| mg‡qi e¨eav‡b Zv ¯^vwaKvi Ges ¯^vaxbZv jv‡fi †ÿÎ ˆZwi K‡i| Av‡m gnvb gyw³hy×| †h hy‡× ag©-eY© wbwe©‡k‡l me gvbyl cÖZ¨ÿ I c‡ivÿfv‡e mwµq AskMÖnY K‡i GKwU jvj-mey‡Ri cZvKv †kvwfZ ¯^vaxb-mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¥ wbwðZ K‡i|
cvVK, Avev‡iv wd‡i Gjvg Kwig mv‡n‡ei M‡í| wZwb †hgb GKz‡ki †PZbv jvjb Ki‡Qb Ges Zvi cieZx© cÖRb¥‡`i gv‡SI †mB †PZbv RvwM‡q w`‡”Qb, †Zgwb Avgv‡`iI GKz‡k aviY Ki‡Z n‡e g‡bi †fZi| cÖwZeQi GKz‡k AvmyK evOvwj †PZbvq bvbv e‡Y© bvbv i‡O| iBjvg GKz‡ki cÖZxÿvqt| 0
KoPvÕi GKz‡k Av‡qvR‡b g‡Wj n‡q‡Qb
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