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cÖkœ: AvenvIqv I cwi‡e‡ki m‡½ bvbv ai‡bi †iv‡Mi m¤úK© i‡q‡Q ?
DËi: kx‡Z mw`©, Kvwk, wb‡gvwbqvmn bvbv ai‡bi †iv‡M AvµvšÍ nq A‡b‡K| Ubwmj nq Avevi †c‡Ui cxovqI AvµvšÍ nb A‡b‡K| Avi kx‡Zi Kvi‡Y hv‡`i mgm¨v nq Zviv Mig N‡i I cwi‡e‡k _vK‡j G ai‡bi †ivM Gwo‡q Pj‡Z cv‡ib| Avevi Mig AvenvIqvq e¨vK‡Uwiqv †ek mwµq _v‡K| ZvB AvenvIqvi cwieZ©‡bi m‡½ Lvevi-`vevi MÖn‡Y †ek mZK©Zv Aej¤^b Ki‡Z n‡e| we‡`‡k evM©vi ˆZwii AvaN›Uvi g‡a¨ bv †L‡j aŸsm K‡i †djv nq| Avi Avgv‡`i †`‡k G ai‡bi Lvevi N›Uvi ci N›Uv g„`y ZvcgvÎvi g‡a¨ †i‡L cwi‡ekb Kiv n‡”Q| ZvB Lye ¯^vfvweKfv‡eB G ai‡bi Lvevi †L‡q Anin AvµvšÍ n‡”Q gvbyl| Lvevi ivL‡Z nq Lye Mig A_ev AwZwi³ kxZj cwi‡e‡k| Zv‡Z e¨vK‡Uwiqvq AvµvšÍ nIqvi my‡hvM _v‡K bv|
cÖkœ: PÆMÖv‡g GLb †Kvb †iv‡Mi cÖ‡Kvc †ewk ?
DËi: fve‡Z AevK jvM‡Q, Avwg cÖPzi UvBd‡qW †ivMx cvw”Q| A_P c„w_exi A‡bK †`‡k GLb Avi GB †ivM †bB| mn‡RB GB †ivM cÖwZ‡iva Kiv m¤¢e| fvj Uq‡jU e¨envi I weï× cvwb cvb Ki‡j G †iv‡M AvµvšÍ nIqvi my‡hvM †bB| †m 1960 mv‡ji K_v| Avwg ZLb we‡j‡Z| UvBd‡qW AvµvšÍ GK †ivMx cvIqv †Mj| wPwKrmKiv wPwšÍZ n‡q co‡jb †Kb G †ivM nj Zvi| Zvici A‡bK M‡elYv K‡i †ei Kiv n‡jv Av‡R©w›Ubv †_‡K Avg`vwbK…Z c¨v‡KURvZ Miæi gvsm †L‡q †m UvBd‡q‡W AvµvšÍ n‡q‡Q| Zvici †m †`‡ki miKvi G ai‡bi mKj Miæi gvsm webó K‡i †d‡j|
cÖkœ: Zvi gv‡b †ivM cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ e¨w³MZ m‡PZbZvi cvkvcvwk miKvwi ch©v‡q Rbm‡PbZvi D‡`¨vM wK Riæwi?
DËi: Aek¨B| Avm‡j †ivM cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ miKvwi e¨e¯’vcbvi Afve i‡q‡Q| †`‡ki †ivM cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ miKvwi cÖkvmb KZUv mRvM †m welqwU AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| wKQy †iv‡Mi Rb¨ RbMY `vqx bq| `vqx n‡jv miKv‡ii cÖwZ‡ivag~jK `ye©j I AKvh©Ki e¨e¯’vcbv| AvR †_‡K cÖvq 57 eQi Av‡M c„w_exi eû †`k †_‡K h²v †ivM G‡Kev‡iB wbg~©j n‡q †M‡Q| Avgv‡`i †`‡k GLbI h²v †ivM cÖwZ‡iv‡ai cÖvYvšÍ †Póv Pvwj‡q hv‡”Q, AmsL¨ Kg©m~wPI Pvjy Av‡Q| ZviciI AmsL¨ †jvK G †iv‡M AvµvšÍ n‡”Q cÖwZeQi| gvivZ¥K †iv‡Mi †cQ‡b cÖPviYv I A_© e¨q bv K‡i G ai‡bi gvgywj †ivM cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ me©¯Í‡i Kvh©Ki e¨e¯’v MÖnY Riæwi|
cÖkœ: fvBivm AvµvšÍ †ivMx‡`i `ªæZ wbivg‡qi e¨e¯’v wK?
DËi: fvBiv‡m AvµvšÍ †ivMxi fvj n‡Z mgq jv‡M me©wbgœ 2 †_‡K 3 w`b| m‡e©v”P 10 w`b ch©šÍ fy‡M †KD †KD| G‡Z cÖPÊ kixi I gv_v e¨_v nq| Avevi ¯^vfvweKfv‡e P‡jI hvq| Avgv‡`i †`‡k G †iv‡Mi fvj †Kv‡bv cÖwZ‡laK †bB| R¡‡i kix‡i AwZwi³ Zv‡ci Kvi‡Y wKQyUv cvwb k~b¨Zv †`Lv †`q| ZLb kix‡i cvwb mieivn wVK ivLvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbgZ cvwb cvb Ki‡Z nq, ¯^vfvwe‡Ki †P‡q Zzjbvq GKUz †ewk cvwb cvb Ki‡Z n‡e| hviv AKvi‡Y AwZwi³ cvwb cvb K‡ib Zv‡`i Uq‡j‡U †`Šov‡`Šwo †e‡o hvq| gvbekixi GKwU ¯^qswµq hš¿| †hgb kxZKv‡j I el©vKv‡j Uq‡jU †ewk e¨envi Ki‡Z nq| Avevi †ivRvi mgq Avm‡ii bvgv‡Ri ci Uq‡jU nqB bv| kix‡i cvwbi cÖ‡qvRb n‡j ¯^vfvweKfv‡eB wccvmv jvM‡e| ZLb cvwb cvb K‡i kix‡ii cvwb mieivn e¨e¯’v wVK K‡i wb‡Z nq|
mvÿvZKvi wb‡q‡Qb iwdKzj evnvi
K·evRv‡i dz‡ji K`i: ch©U‡b bZzb gvÎv fvewewbg‡q wbD †µR
K·evRvi ch©Ub kn‡i I Dc‡Rjv kni¸‡jv‡Z AZx‡Zi †P‡q eZ©gv‡b dz‡ji K`i Ges e¨envi A‡bK †e‡o‡Q| M„nea~iv evmvevwoi †mŠ›`h©ea©‡bi Rb¨ ninv‡gkv iKgvwi dzj w`‡q evmv evwo‡Z mvRm¾v K‡i _v‡K| GQvov ch©Ub kn‡i Avmv †`wk-we‡`wk ch©UKiv e¨vcKfv‡e dz‡ji cÖwZ AvK…ó nIqvi welqwUI jÿ¨ Kiv †M‡Q| G‡ÿ‡Î we‡kl K‡i ZiæY-ZiæYx I be`¤úwZ‡`i wbKU jvj †Mvjvc I iRbx MÜvi K`i I Pvwn`v †ewk| Zviv g‡bi Avb‡›` Gme dz‡ji e¨envi K‡i G‡K Ac‡ii gb Rq K‡i wb‡”Q wbwe©‡Nœ| dz‡ji †Zvov w`‡q G‡K Aci‡K eiY K‡i wb‡”Q| Avi `~i †_‡K ZvwK‡q †`L‡Qb Drmvnx †jvKRb| we‡qi Abyôvb, mfvmgv‡ekmn wewfbœ mvgvwRK I agx©q Abyôv‡b dz‡ji e¨envi †e‡o hvIqvq GB A‡ji kni GjvKvq M‡o D‡V‡Q kZvwaK dz‡ji †`vKvb| A‡bK †eKvi hyeK-hyeZx evmvevwoi Avw½bvq A_ev miKvwi cwZZ RvqMv Rwg‡Z cÖwZôv K‡i‡Q dz‡ji evMvb| Zviv Szu‡K c‡o‡Q dz‡ji e¨emvq| RgRgvU n‡q D‡V‡Q dz‡ji e¨emv| Kg©ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvM †c‡q‡Q †eKvi hyeKiv| miKvwi c„ô‡cvlKZv †c‡j Gi cÖmvi Av‡iv eû¸Y e„w× cv‡e e‡j dzj e¨emvqx kvnRvnvb (37) Rvbvb| MZ cÖvq GK †`o `kK Av‡MI K·evRvi A‡j evwYwR¨K wfwˇZ dz‡ji e¨emvqx‡`i †`vKvb wQj bv| †Kvb Abyôvbvw`‡Z dz‡ji cÖ‡qvRb n‡j AvMvg AW©vi w`‡q my`~i e›`i bMix PÆMÖvg kni GjvKv †_‡K Pvwn`vgvwdK dzj msMÖn K‡i Avbv n‡Zv| GLvbKvi dz‡ji †`vKvb¸‡jv‡Z †Mvjvc, iRbxMÜv, Muv`v, †ewj, UMi, wRwbqv, Kmgm BZ¨vw` dzj †ePv †Kbv nq| cÖwZwU iRbx MÜvi w÷K 4/5 UvKv wnmv‡e wewµ Kiv nq| †MvjvcWvjv 70 UvKv †_‡K 100 UvKv, we‡qi Mvox mvRv‡bv `yB nvRvi UvKv †_‡K wZb nvRvi UvKv ch©šÍ wb‡q _v‡K| cÖwZwU †`vKv‡b Kg K‡i n‡jI ˆ`wbK †ePv‡Kbv nq 10/12 nvRvi UvKv| †Kvb †Kvb mg‡q Aa©jÿ UvKviI †Kbv †ePv nq e‡j Rvbv hvq| ¯‹zj, K‡jR I wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wkÿv_x©iv bvbv cÖRvwZi dz‡ji Kjg I Pviv msMÖn K‡i evwoi Avw½bvq ev DVv‡b †QvULvU evMvb K‡i wb‡R‡`i Pvwn`v c~iY K‡i _v‡K| A‡b‡KB 4/5 Zjv fe‡bi Qv‡`i Dc‡i dz‡ji evMvb K‡i A_© DcvR©b Ki‡Q e‡j Rvbv hvq| G A‡j dzj e¨emv I dz‡ji evMvb m„wó Kivi Rb¨ eû hyeK cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq †b‡g‡Q| GB e¨emvq G‡m QvBdzj, ggZvR, dinv`, gvey`, BDmy‡di g‡Zv eû hyeK †eKvi‡Z¡i Awfkvc †_‡K wb‡R‡`i gy³ K‡i wb‡q cvwievwiK Avw_©K msKU wbimb Ki‡Q|
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PÆMÖv‡gi †jvnvMvov Dc‡Rjvi c`yqv d‡i÷ †iÄ Awd‡mi PZzw`©‡K mymw¾Z e„ÿivwRi wekvj GjvKvwU m¤¢vebvgq GKwU ch©Ub †K›`ª wn‡m‡e M‡o DV‡Z cv‡i| PÆMÖv‡g A‡bK `k©bxq ch©Ub ¯’vb Av‡Q hvi mv‡_ GB d‡i÷ †iÄ AÂjwUi Zzjbv Kiv P‡j| †jvnvMvov eb wefv‡Mi Aax‡b 1100 GKi RvqMvi g‡a¨ c`yqv d‡i÷ †iÄ Awd‡mi PZzw`©‡K cÖvq wZb GKi RvqMv i‡q‡Q, hv Aciƒc †mŠ›`‡h© fiv|
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K…lKiv `ywðšÍvq: `wÿY PÆMÖv‡g †MvLv‡`¨i msKU
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Gw`‡K `vg e„w×i Kvi‡Y Mevw`cï cvj‡bi evwYwR¨K Kg©Kv‡Û g›`v †b‡g G‡m‡Q| euvkLvjx Dc‡Rjvi †PPzwiqv MÖv‡gi K…lK kIKZ I †jvnvMvov Dc‡Rjvi Avwgivev` MÖv‡gi Ave`yj AvwRR Rvbvb, †MvLv‡`¨i `vg evovi Kvi‡Y e¨emvq jvf bv _vKvq Zviv Ab¨ e¨emv a‡i‡Qb| Pvwn`vgZ Drcv`b bv nIqvq GjvKvq †Mv-gvsm I `y» `y‡Uvi `vgB e„w× †c‡q‡Q| euvLLvjx Dc‡Rjvi cïm¤ú` Kg©KZ©v Rvbvb †h, gRywimn K…wl DcKi‡Yi `vg e„w×i Kvi‡Y †Mv-Lv‡`¨i `vgI e„w× †c‡q‡Q|
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Kv‡ji weeZ©‡b wejywßi c‡_ PÆMÖv‡gi BwZnvmL¨vZ c`yqv ¸ß evwo
Kv‡ji weeZ©‡b aŸs‡mi †kl cÖv‡šÍ G‡m †cuŠ‡Q‡Q PÆMÖv‡gi BwZnvm L¨vZ †jvnvMvovi c`yqv ¸ß evwo| BwZnv‡mi wbie mvÿx GB Rwg`vi evwowU GLb RivRxY© n‡q c‡o‡Q| †h †Kv‡bv gyn~‡Z© fewU a‡m covi Avk¼v i‡q‡Q| ZeyI GLv‡b wbZ¨ Rxe‡bi SzuwK wb‡q emevm K‡i cÖZvckvjx Rwg`vi ivg‡gvnb ¸‡ßi cieZx© cÖR‡b¥i 14wU cwiev‡ii kZvwaK gvbyl|
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†gvnv¤§` kvnve DÏxb, g‡nkLvjx (K·evRvi) †_‡K msev``vZv
bMi we‡bv`b: wkíxi †Pv‡L
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Avgv‡`i bMixi †cÖÿvM„n¸‡jv‡Z Ggb Pjw”P‡Îi cÖ`k©bx nIqv `iKvi hv cwiev‡ii †QvU eo wbwe©‡k‡l mevB wM‡q †`L‡Z cv‡ib| hw` †miKg Pjw”PÎ PÆMÖv‡gi †cÖÿvM„n¸‡jv‡Z Av‡m Zvn‡j bMievmx †cÖÿvM„n AwfgyLx n‡eb| Avwg e¨w³MZfv‡e wek¦vm Kwi fvj Pjw”PÎ ïay †Kej we‡bv`bB bq, eis GwU Avgv‡`i me©¯Í‡ii gvby‡li wkÿvi Ab¨Zg Dcjÿ n‡Z cv‡i| Avgiv GUzKz ej‡Z cvwi PÆMÖv‡gi †eZvi, †Uwjwfkb me©Î my¯’ cwi‡ek wd‡i AvmyK| H `yÕwU gva¨‡gi e¨vcv‡i ¯^RbcÖxwZi †h Awf‡hvM Av‡Q Zvi Aemvb nIqv `iKvi| G `y‡Uv gva¨‡g wkíx‡`i GwM‡q hvIqvi c_ Ly‡j †`Iqv `iKvi| me‡k‡l ej‡ev Avgiv Avgv‡`i Rb¨ Ges fwel¨Z cÖR‡b¥i Rb¨ Ges my¯’ bMi we‡bv`‡bi Rb¨ GKwU AbyK‚j I wbivc` mgvR PvB|
gZvgZ: ˆmq` Ave`yj Iqv‡R`
AvaywbK wkÿvq wkwÿZ n‡q DV‡Q gvg©v Avw`evmx
cve©Z¨ PÆMÖv‡gi 11wU Avw`evmxi g‡a¨ msL¨vi w`K w`‡q gvg©v‡`i ¯’vb wØZxq| `xN©w`b hver a‡i wkÿvi †ÿ‡Î PvKgv Avw`evmx GwM‡q _vK‡jI eZ©gv‡b gvg©v Avw`evmx AvaywbK wkÿvq wkwÿZ n‡q DV‡Q| msL¨vq wØZxq e„nËg Avw`evmx n‡jI eQ‡ii ci eQi a‡i Zviv A‡bK my‡hvM-myweav †_‡K ewÂZ wQj| cve©Z¨ wZb †Rjvi g‡a¨ ev›`ievb Ges LvMovQwo‡Z †ewki fvM gvg©v Rb‡Mvôxi emevm| ZrKvjxb weªwUk miKvi gvg©v Avw`evmx‡`i ÔgMÕ bv‡g AvL¨vwqZ K‡i| Z‡e gvg©vÕiv g‡Mi cwie‡Z© gvg©v bv‡gi e¨envi Ki‡Z AwaK ¯^v”Q›`¨‡eva K‡i| 1961 mv‡ji Av`gïgvwii mgq Zv‡`i AvcwËi Kvi‡Y g‡Mi cwie‡Z© gvg©v wn‡m‡e MYbv ïiæ nq| gvg©v Avw`evmx‡`i Bs‡iR‡`i cÖ`Ë gM e‡j cwiPq w`‡Z N„Yv †eva K‡i| †Kbbv gM kãwU Rj`my¨‡`i †evSvq cÖPwjZ A‡_©| 1991 mv‡ji Av`gïgvwi Abyhvqx ev›`ievb cve©Z¨ †Rjvq 59,288 Rb, ivOvgvwU‡Z 40,868 Rb Ges LvMovQwo‡Z 42,178 Rbmn wZb cve©Z¨ †Rjvq 1 jvL 42 nvRvi 334 Rb gvg©v Avw`evmx emevm K‡i| hv †gvU RbmsL¨vi kZKiv 14.71%|
gvg©vÕiv †eŠ× ag© cvjb K‡i _v‡K| Zv‡`i cÖavb Drm‡ei bvg Ômvs MÖvBs DrmeÕ| GwU evsjv bee‡l©i Av‡Mi w`b †_‡K 3 w`be¨vcx e¨vcK Drmvn-DÏxcbvi ga¨ w`‡q D`hvwcZ nq| gvg©v Avw`evmxiv mvaviYZt Ryg Pv‡li Ici wbf©ikxj n‡jI eZ©gv‡b Zviv D”P wkÿv MÖnY K‡i wPwKrmK, cÖ‡KŠkjx, wkÿKZvmn miKvwi D”P c`¯’ c‡` PvKwi Ki‡Q| gvg©viv euv‡ki ˆZwi gvPvs N‡i emevm K‡i _v‡K| N‡ii †g‡S gvwU †_‡K 5/6 dzU D”PZv wewkó nq| †kvqvi N‡ii mv‡_ _v‡K d¨vK Ni (ivbœv Ni) Ges Zvi mv‡_ mshy³ _v‡K ÔivR©vs NiÕ (RjivLvi Ni)| gvg©v‡`i wewfbœ Drme cve©‡bi g‡a¨ we‡kl K‡i ÔdqvwiÕ, Ô‡L¨v-‡cvn‡qÕ, ÔKwZs †cvn‡qÕ, Ôgvqvs-cÖæ-‡cvn‡qÕ, ÔcBs Rªv †cvn‡qÕ, ÔIqvš¿vB †cvn‡qÕ Drme Ab¨Zg| gvg©v‡`i wbR¯^ fvlv I wjwLZ eY©gvjv i‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i fvlvi bvg gMx fvlv| hv AvivKvbx fvlvi mswgkªY| gvg©v mgv‡R ewn©wefvM I AšÍ©weevn Dfq ixwZ cÖPwjZ| wKš‘ wewfbœ mvgvwRK wewa wb‡la cvj‡b Zviv LyeB m‡PZb| eZ©gv‡b gvg©v Avw`evmx mgv‡R wkÿvi Ici †hfv‡e m‡PZbZv e„w× cv‡”Q fwel¨‡Z Zv‡`i mgvR †_‡K wbiÿiZv I AbMÖmiZv `~i n‡e wbtm‡›`‡n ejv hvq|
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