The Daily Ittefaq - February 15, 2008

†deª“qvwi 15, 2008, ïµevi : dvêyb 3, 1414

Avc‡WU evsjv‡`k mgq ivZ 12:00

gnvms¯‹…wZi AnsKvi I GKz‡ki eB‡gjv

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†h fvlvi AwaKvi cÖwZôvi Rb¨ Z¨vM I i³`vb wek¦ BwZnv‡m weij`„ó NUbv, †m fvlv wbtm‡›`‡n gnvfvlv| Ges †mB gnvfvlvi msMÖvgx †PZbv hLb GKwU RvwZmËv‡K cwiYZ K‡i ivóªmËvq, ZLb †mB Awebvkx cÖengvb †PZbvi †cªiYv`vqx mvs¯‹…wZK ˆewkó¨ †h gnvms¯‹…wZ iƒ‡c wek¦ms¯‹…wZ‡KI Av‡jvwoZ Ki‡e, †mUvB ¯^vfvweK I m½Z| fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi giYRqx msMÖvg, i³cvZ I AwaKvi cÖwZôvi ¯§„wZab¨ Agi GKz‡k †deªæqvwi GK `kK Av‡M AvšÍRv©wZK gvZ…fvlv w`em wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZ jvf K‡i‡Q| RvwZ wn‡m‡e GUv wbtm‡›`‡n evOvwji eo AR©b| wKš‘ †mB AR©b‡K djcÖm~ Kivi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq e¯Íykw³ GL‡bv evOvwj Rxe‡bi AbvqË| GB e¨_©Zvi †e`bvKiæY BwZnv‡mi avivevwnKZv RvZxq Rxe‡b GLb wbqwZi g‡ZvB ÿqmÂvix| cigyLv‡cwÿZvi m‡½ †gŠjev‡`i `xN© Ac”Qvqvi cÖfv‡e evOvwj RvwZi Agi GKz‡k Avi gyw³hy‡×i gva¨‡g jä †mB †MŠiegq AR©b GLb A‡bKUvB msKUvcbœ| †Kej Av‡e‡Mi ZxeªZvq Zv‡K K‡ZvUv E‡aŸ© Zz‡j aiv hvqÐ GKUv wekvj fve I e¯ÍyMZ AR©b‡K Kxfv‡e AvZ¥Z…wßi ÿxY Abyl‡½ cwiYZ Kiv hvq Ð GKz‡ki gvme¨vcx eB‡gjv‡K †K›`ª K‡i Avgv‡`i D”Q¡vm Zvi cÖgvY| †jLKRxe‡bi m~Pbv †_‡KB Avwg Avgvi GKvwaK †jLvq evOvwji fvlv Av‡›`vjb‡K BD‡ivcxq †i‡bmvu‡mi mgZzj¨ we‡ePbv K‡iwQ| cÖe‡Üi m~Pbvq cvVK Zvi wKQz cÖwZaŸwb jÿ K‡i _vK‡eb| Avgvi we‡ePbvi KviY wn‡m‡e Dwbk kZ‡Ki evsjvi †i‡bmvu‡mi Am¤ú~Y©Zv, Ecwb‡e‡ki `xN©m~ÎZv Ges 1947 mv‡j fviZ-wefv‡Mi Kv‡ji ag© I gvbeZvwe‡ivax NUbvµg‡K ¸iæZ¡ w`‡qwQ| 1948 mvj †_‡K m~wPZ fvlv Av‡›`vjb 1952-i 21†k †deªæqvwi †h i³`v‡bi cixÿvq DËxY© n‡jvÐ †mB Awebvkx Z¨v‡Mi †PZbvB m¤¢e K‡i †Zv‡j 1971-Gi gyw³hy× Ges ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôv| fvlv Av‡›`vjb AvaywbK we‡k¦ ag©wbf©i ivRbxwZ Ges wØRvwZZ‡Ë¡i wfwË‡Z cvwK¯Ív‡bi g‡Zv ivóª-cÖwZôvi AmviZ¡ cÖgv‡Y mg_© nq| Z…Zxq wek¦ I fviZe‡l©i ivRbxwZi †ÿ‡Î hv n‡q D‡VwQ‡jv hyMvšÍKvix w`M`k©b| fvlvwfwËK RvZxqZvi †PZbv mgMÖ Rb‡Mvôxi eûgvwÎK ms¯‹…wZi imvq‡b K‡ZvUv ejkvjx I `~imÂvix n‡q DV‡Z cv‡i, evOvwji BwZnvm Zvi cÖgvY| G‡K †i‡bmvu‡mi mgZzj¨ NUbv bv-e‡j Avi wK ejv †h‡Z cv‡i ! A_ev †m AZzjbxq| BwZnvm‡eËviv GB NUbv‡K wbw`©ó †fŠ‡MvwjK mxgvbvi mvgvwRK-mvs¯‹…wZK mxgvbvi welq wn‡m‡e †`‡L mf¨Zvi BwZnv‡mi cÖwZ Pig AwePvi K‡i‡Q e‡jB Avgvi aviYv| cyuwRwbqwš¿Z wek¦ Ges †Kv‡bv ivóªe¨e¯’vq fvlv-mvgªvR¨ev‡`i we¯Ívi †iv‡a gnvb GKz‡k †deªæqvwii `„óvšÍ wek¦Rbxb ¯^xK…wZ jv‡fi †hvM¨| AvšÍR©vwZK gvZ…fvlv w`em wn‡m‡e GKz‡ki ¯^xK…wZi g‡a¨ †mB m¤¢vebvi my¯úó Bw½Z we`¨gvb| wKš‘ g~j mgm¨vi exR i‡q †M‡Q evsjv‡`k iv‡óªi RV‡iB| GB mgm¨vi m~ÎcvZ wkÿve¨e¯’vi PwiÎnb‡bi ga¨ w`‡q| gvZ…fvlv I evOvwji gnvms¯‹…wZ wb‡q AnsKvi Kivi g‡Zv wkÿve¨e¯’v GLb evsjv‡`‡k †bB| wkÿv bv‡gi †h mb` gywó‡gq †jv‡Ki KzwÿMZ, gvZ„fvlv PPv©i g~j †PZbv †_‡K `~ieZx© I e„nËi Rb‡Mvôx †_‡K wew”Qbœ| wek¦vqb I gy³evRv‡ii cÖfv‡ei K_v ejv n‡jI GB `yó cÖeYZv ïiæ nq ¯^vaxbZvi K‡qK eQi ci †_‡KB| gynv¤§v` Kz`ivZ-B Ly`v wkÿv Kwgkb cÖewZ©Z hy‡Mvc‡hvMx me©RbMÖnY‡hvM¨ gvZ…fvlvwbf©i wkÿve¨e¯’vi cwie‡Z© G‡`‡k cÖeZ©b Kiv nq Dwbk kZ‡Ki †klv‡a© wewUk-cÖewZ©Z Jcwb‡ewkK wkÿve¨e¯’v| †h wkÿve¨e¯’v wn›`y-gymjgvb `yB cÖavb m¤úÖ`v‡qi g‡a¨ we‡f` m„wói Kvh©KviY n‡q B‡VwQ‡jv| evsjv‡`‡k GLb Pj‡Q wÎgyLx wkÿve¨e¯’vÐ †hLv‡b gvZ…fvlvi Ae¯’vb‡K Kiv n‡q‡Q Zvrch©k~b¨| gv`ªvmv wkÿvi cÖPwjZ ˆØi‡_i g‡Zv D”Pwkÿv‡KI Kiv n‡q‡Q wØgyLx| Ggb wK cÖv_wgK ch©vq †_‡KB Bs‡iwR gva¨‡gi we`¨vjq¸‡jv‡Z gvZ„fvlv evsjvi Ae¯’vb A‡bKUv ievn~‡Zi g‡Zv| `xN©Kvj a‡i wkÿvi GB Ae¯’v evOvwji mvgwóK ejkvjx †PZbv‡K µgvš^‡q K‡i‡Q kw³nxb| Gi d‡j, ivRbxwZwe`, mgvRKgx©, RbcÖkvm‡bi Kg©KZv© Ggb wK eyw×e„wËI mxgvnxb ˆbivR¨ I `ybx©wZi Kv‡jvMÖv‡m cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| mykxj mgvR ci‡`kgyLv‡cÿx| ¯^vej¤^x KÉ¯^i e‡j Zvu‡`i wKQz †bB| Zvu‡`i AvPvi-AvPiY I D”Pvi‡Y `vZv‡`i cwiKíbv I `„wófw½i aŸwb-cÖwZaŸwb| GB my‡hv‡M HK¨e× n‡Z †c‡i‡Q mKj Ackw³ Ð hviv gnvb GKz‡k wKsev gyw³hy‡×i AR©b‡K cÖkœwe× Ki‡Z Zrci| RvZxq Rxe‡bi GB Pig `ytmg‡q gnvfvlv wKsev gnvms¯‹…wZ wb‡q Ans‡eva m„wói Rb¨ Kvh©Ki †Kv‡bv m•Nkw³i A‡cÿvq Avkvev`xi GKgvÎ Avkªq|

2. evOvwji RvZxq Rxe‡bi me©MÖvmx civfe †PZbvi g‡a¨ ÿxY Av‡jvKiwk¥i g‡Zv GK gv‡mi Rb¨ Av‡m GKz‡ki eB‡gjv| gnvb GKz‡ki †PZbv, evsjv GKv‡Wwg, eB‡gjvÐ ÿYKv‡ji R‡b¨ n‡jI RvZxq †PZbvq BwZevPK Av‡jvob m„wó K‡i| wKš‘ÔeB-‡gjvÕ kã¸”Q e¨envi Agi GKz‡ki †PZbv‡KB †hb ¤øvb K‡i †`q A‡bKUv| mgMÖ evOvwj RvwZmËvi m‡½ GKz‡k, evsjv GKv‡Wwg Ges RvwZi Av‡eM I gbb Ggbfv‡e Rwo‡q †M‡Q hvi m¤úK© gyw³hy‡×i †gŠj †PZbvi m‡½| †Kej eB‡gjv wn‡m‡e †`L‡j Gi Zvrch© A‡bKUv K‡g hvq| eB‡gjvq wK ai‡bi eB †ewk wewµ nq Zv †`L‡jB Abyaveb Kiv hvq Avgv‡`i †gav-gb‡bi PvwiÎ¨| †KvwU †KvwU UvKvi eB wewµ n‡”Q| wKb‡Q `vwi`ªª¨cxwoZ †`‡ki gvbyl Zv‡`i KóvwR©Z A_© w`‡q| †`‡ki c‡b‡iv †KvwU RbmsL¨vi g‡a¨ eB-‡µZvi kZKiv nvi K‡ZvÐ Zv Avgiv wnmve Kwi bv KL‡bv| DrmewcÖq evOvwj G‡K Avb‡›`i m‡½B MÖnY K‡i| †PZbvi ¸YMZ cwieZ©b nq‡Zv N‡U Kv‡iv Kv‡iv g‡a¨Ð GB `yw`©‡b hvi g~j¨I Kg bq| eB‡gjvi GB Hk¦h©, Avb›` I wgj‡bi g‡Zv evOvwji NygšÍ †PZbvI †R‡M DVyK gvZ…fvlv I gnvms¯‹…wZi Ans‡ev‡aÐ cÖMwZi c`Z‡j wcó †nvK cÖwZwµqvkxjZvi mKj Ac”QvqvÐ GB cÖZ¨vkv djevb n‡e fve‡Z fv‡jv jv‡M †deªæqvwi gv‡m|

eB‡gjv cÖvewÜK‡`i fvebv

cÖkœ

1. eB‡gjvq Avcbvi wK wK bZzb eB cÖKvwkZ n‡”Q?

2. cÖKvwkZ eB m¤ú‡K© ejyb|

3. Avgv‡`i †`‡k mgv‡jvPbv mvwnZ¨ wb‡q Av‡ÿc †kvbv hvq cÖvqkB| mgv‡jvPbv mvwnZ¨ wb‡q G Awf‡hvM KZUzKz mZ¨|

4. Gev‡ii GKz‡k eB‡gjv m¤ú‡K© ejyb|

wmivRyj Bmjvg †PŠayix

1. Avgvi K‡qKwU eB Avm‡Q| 1857 Ges Zvici, GwU cÖeÜ msKjb| †ei Ki‡Q Ab¨cÖKvk| AvZ¥‰RewbK wbeÜ `yB hvÎvq GKhvÎx cÖKvk Ki‡Q RvM„wZ cÖKvkbx| Av‡iKwU wbe‡Üi eB Avm‡Q †eM‡bi †gŠgvwQiv| Avm‡Q wjc‡mb iwPZ bvU‡Ki Abyev` ey‡bvnuvm| GwUI †ei Ki‡Q RvM„wZ cÖKvkbx|

2. 1857 mv‡j RbM‡Yi GKUv Af‚¨Ìvb n‡qwQ‡jv Ges †mB ivR‰bwZK aviv fviZe‡l© Ges evsjv‡`‡k ivRbxwZ‡Z g~javiv n‡Z cv‡iwb| Z‡e, G‡Kev‡i †h wew”Qbœ n‡q †M‡Q Zv-I bq| Avgvi 1857 Ges Zvici eBwU‡Z IB ivRbxwZi avivwU‡K wPwýZ Kivi cÖqvm i‡q‡Q|

3. Avgv‡`i †`‡k mgv‡jvPbv mvwnZ¨ M‡o I‡Vwb| G‡`‡ki †jLKiv wb‡Ri †jLv‡jwL wb‡qB e¨¯Í _v‡Kb| Ac‡ii †jLvi w`‡K ZvKvevi Zv‡`i mgq †bB| cÎ-cwÎKv¸‡jvI mgv‡jvPbv‡K DrmvwnZ K‡i bv| Gi `yÕ‡Uv KviY, GK. mvgwqK cwÎKvI †Zgb †bB| gvwmK †bB| cvwÿK †bB| `yB. ˆ`wbK cwÎKvi mvgwqKxi cvZvq mgv‡jvPbv †Zgb Qvcv nq bv|

4. eB‡gjvi RvqMv Lye †QvU n‡q †M‡Q|

Ave`yj gvbœvb ˆmq`

1. Avgvi K‡qKwU eB †ei n‡q‡Q| ANªv‡Yi bxj w`b, gvZvj KweZv cvMj M`¨, k¨vgjx †Zvgvi gyL| Av‡iKwU eB †ei n‡”Q Avgvi m¤úv`bvq| evsjvfvlvi GKRb weL¨vZ cÖeÜKv‡ii eB| †kªô cÖeÜ, a~R©wU cÖmv` gy‡Lvcva¨vq| cÖ_gwU m~PxcÎ, wØZxqwU M`¨ KweZv GKm‡½, †ei K‡i‡Q cvVK mgv‡ek| `ywU Dcb¨vm wb‡q eB k¨vgjx †Zvgvi gyL cÖKvk K‡i‡Q GKz‡k evsjv cÖKvkb| wek¦ mvwnZ¨ †K›`ª †_‡K Avm‡Q m¤úv`bv MÖš’wU| Av‡iKwU m¤úv`bv MÖš’ G mßv‡n Avm‡e, bvg m‡bU msKjb| Avwg †ek wKQy eB‡qi f‚wgKvI wj‡LwQ †h¸‡jv GB †gjvq cÖKvwkZ n‡”Q| †hgbÐ Avwki `k‡Ki KweZv| ZvQvov, Q‡›`i eB Av‡Q, †QvU M‡íi `yÕwU eB‡qi f‚wgKv wj‡LwQ|

2. ANªv‡Yi bxj w`b cÖPÊ Av‡e‡M †jLv †cÖ‡gi KweZvi eB| gvZvj KweZv cvMj M`¨ wW‡m¤^i, Rvbyqvwii †jLv, GK`g bZzb| m¤ú~Y© bZzb ai‡bi| KweZv M‡`¨i mxgvbv †f‡½ †`qv eB| G R‡b¨ bvgUvI G iKg|

3. Avgv‡`i †`‡k m¯Ív Dcb¨v‡mi cÖvej¨ Av‡Q|

4. GKz‡k eB‡gjv Avgv‡`i weivU AR©b| GUv weivU GK mvs¯‹…wZK Drme| Gi mv‡_ †e`bv Av‡Q, mv‡_ †MŠieI Av‡Q|

nvqvr gvgy`

1. Avgvi cÖeÜ msMÖn †ei n‡”Q| ZvQvov, K‡qKwU eB m¤úv`bv K‡iwQ, G¸‡jvI Avm‡Q|

2. cÖeÜ msMÖn eBwU‡Z Avgvi wewfbœ cÖeÜ ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q| Av‡Q iex›`ªbv_, ¯^‡`k wPšÍv, e¨w³mgvR, ms¯‹…wZ, mvwnZ¨ I Avbylvw½K welq, GKz‡ki cÖm½, wfb‡`wk mvwn‡Z¨i K_v, wnw›` mvwnZ¨, AvZ¥‰RewbK iPbv| G hver Avwg †h mg¯Í cÖeÜ wj‡LwQ GwU ZviB GKwU msKjb|

3. Avgiv wb‡Ri †jLv m¤ú‡K© Amwnòz| Avgiv †KD Kv‡iv mgv‡jvPbv Kwi bv, Ki‡j cÖksmv Kwi| KvD‡K g‡b bv †i‡L mgv‡jvPbv Kiv DwPZ| Av‡M wm×všÍ wb‡Z n‡e, ev‡bvqvU wKQy wjLe bv| †hUv fv‡jv jvM‡Q bv Zv ejvi `vq †bB| Avgv‡`i mgv‡jvPbvq GUv g¯Í eo fzj|

4. Rbbw›`Z †jLK huviv Av‡Qb Zuv‡`i Kv‡Q eB‡gjv wgjb‡gjv| †gjv‡ZB †h †Kej eB wewµ nq Avwg Zv wek¦vm Kwi bv| KviY, AvwgI me mgq eB wKwb| Avwg †gjvq hvB bv| mvaviY †jv‡Ki Kv‡Q G †gjv Lye ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †gjv| Zviv †Q‡j-†g‡q, eD-ev”Pv wb‡q †gjvq hvq, eB †K‡b| eB †gjv mvaviY †jv‡Ki Kv‡Q LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| ˆmq` Aveyj gKmy`

1. Avgvi cÖe‡Üi eB †ewi‡q‡Q| bvg evOvwj RvwZ, evOvwj gymjgvb I evOvwj RvZxqZvev`, GwU †ei K‡i‡Q m~PxcÎ| AviI K‡qKwU eB Avm‡Q| GKwU n‡jvÐ †gvZvnvi †nv‡mb †PŠayix: Rxeb I mvwnZ¨ †ei Ki‡Q behyM cÖKvkbx| ˆmq` IqvjxDjøvn: Rxeb I mvwnZ¨ gbb cÖKvkb †_‡K GUvi Z…Zxq ewa©Z ms¯‹iY †ei n‡”Q| Avgvi m¤úv`bvq AviI wZbwU eB Avm‡Q| f‚wgKvI Avgvi †jLv| eB¸‡jv n‡jvÐ cÖeÜ msMÖn: †gvZvnvi †nv‡mb †PŠayix; cÖKvk Ki‡Q behyM| cÖeÜ msMÖn: kirP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq GwU cÖKvk Ki‡Q m~PxcÎ| Av‡iKwU n‡jv ivg‡gvnb ivq ¯§viK MÖš’ cÖKvk Ki‡Q wm‡jU eªvþ mgvR|

2. evOvwj RvwZ, evOvwj gymjgvb I evOvwj RvZxqZvev`Ð eBwU n‡jv Avgvi ÁvbMf© †jKPvi| XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq, evsjv GKv‡Wgx, GwkqvwUK †mvmvBwUÐ GiKg wewfbœ cÖwZôv‡b cÖ`Ë Avgvi ¯§viK e³…Zvi msKjb GwU| GLv‡b †gvU bqwU cÖeÜ Av‡Q|

3. Avgv‡`i GLv‡b mgv‡jvPbv mvwn‡Z¨i h‡_ó AMÖMwZ n‡q‡Q| `yB ai‡bi KvR n‡”Q| GKwU cÖvwZôvwbK KvR, †hgbÐ wewfbœ wek¦we`¨vjq Ges cÖwZôvbÐ evsjv GKv‡Wgx, bRiæj BÝwUwUDU, GwkqvwUK †mvmvBwU cÖf…wZi we‡klÁiv mgv‡jvPbvg~jK eB cÖKvk K‡i‡Q| Avi, Gi evB‡i e¨w³MZfv‡e eû M‡elK mvwnZ¨ ms¯‹…wZ cÖf…wZ wel‡q mgv‡jvPbvg~jK MÖš’ cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| mwZ¨ ej‡Z †M‡j, mgv‡jvPbvg~jK mvwnZ¨B evsjv‡`‡k me‡P‡q mg„× kvLv| GB †ÿ‡ÎB me‡P‡q †ewk KvR n‡”Q| ¸YMZ Ges cwigvYMZ `yÕfv‡eB GB †ÿ‡Î fvj KvR n‡q‡Q| Z‡e, G‡ÿ‡Î `ye©j KvRI cÖPyi i‡q‡Q|

4. eB‡gjv Avgv‡`i ms¯‹…wZi †ÿ‡Î GKwU D‡jøL‡hvM¨ NUbv| GKz‡ki eB‡gjvi R‡b¨ eû †jLK †hgb A‡cÿv K‡ib, Zviv cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY K‡ib wb‡R‡`i eB cÖKv‡ki e¨vcv‡i †Zgwb eû cvVKI GB mg‡q wKQy eB wKb‡eb e‡j Av‡M †_‡KB ˆZwi nb| eB mvaviYZ ga¨weËivB †K‡bb| wkícwZiv bb| †m R‡b¨ ga¨weË cvVK eB †Kbvi R‡b¨I Avw_©Kfv‡e cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY K‡ib| †gjvi g‡a¨ Zviv Zv‡`i A‡bK wcÖq †jL‡Ki Kv‡Q Avmvi my‡hvM cvb| GBfv‡e eB‡gjv GKwU †jLK-cvV‡Ki wgjb †gjvq cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| Z‡e, cvV‡Ki msL¨v D‡jøL‡hvM¨fv‡e †e‡o‡Q| eB‡gjv AviI Mv¤¢xh© I †Kvjvnjgy³ _vKv DwPZ|

ˆmq` gbRyiæj Bmjvg

1. Avgvi GKwU Dcb¨vm †ei n‡q‡Q| bvg wZb c‡e©i Rxeb| GwU †ei K‡i‡Q Ab¨ cÖKvk|

2. Avwg ev¯Íe Rxeb †_‡K Mí wb‡qB wjwL| G eBwU‡ZI Zv K‡iwQ| GKRb gvbyl whwb me mgq mZ¨ K_v e‡jb| Zv‡K duvwm‡q †`qv n‡qwQ‡jv| wZwb KvVMovq `uvwo‡qI AKc‡U mZ¨ K_v e‡j †M‡Qb| GK mgq wd‡i G‡m †`‡Lb Zvi cwievi wew”Qbœ n‡q †M‡Q| Rxe‡b wd‡i G‡m `uvovevi †Póv Ges Avevi †m Ae¯’vb †_‡K cZ‡bi Mí| mZ¨evw`Zvi cyi¯‹vi hv nq|

3. Av‡ÿc †kvbv hvq GK_v wVK| Z‡e Avgv‡`i †`‡kI wKQy wKQy mgv‡jvPbv mvwnZ¨ Av‡Q †hLv‡b cÖej AšÍi`„wó jÿ¨ Kiv hvq Ges mvwnZ¨ gv‡b DrK…ó| cwðge‡½i mgv‡jvPbv mvwnZ¨ `xN©w`‡bi| †mB Zzjbvq evsjv‡`‡k GB wKQyw`b gvÎ| Zv‡`i Ávb PP©v Avgv‡`i †_‡K cÖej|

4. gy³avivi wPË iÄb mvnv GB eB‡gjvi cÖ_g D‡`¨vM wb‡qwQ‡jb| ZvQvov, Avng` kix‡di g‡Zv Avgv‡`i †`‡ki ¸YxRb‡`i Ae`vb i‡q‡Q| evsjv‡`‡ki ms¯‹…wZi †h am †b‡g‡Q Zv wdwi‡q AvbvB wQ‡jv gyL¨ D‡Ïk¨| G †gjvi gva¨‡g Zviv †P‡qwQ‡jb wb‡R‡`i HwZn¨‡K cÖKvk Ki‡Z| myZivs GB eB‡gjv Avgv‡`i Rb¨ LyeB cÖ‡qvRbxq| mvwn‡Z¨i †ÿ‡Î GK eQ‡i hv Drcv`b nq Zv Avgiv †gjv‡Z Zz‡j ai‡Z cvwi| G †gjv AviI e‡ov cwim‡i n‡Z cv‡i| cÖ‡Z¨K †Rjv kn‡i Avgiv †gjv Ki‡Z cvwi| G‡Z †jLKivI GK †Rjv †_‡K Ab¨ †Rjvq †h‡Z cvi‡Zb|

iwdKDjøvn Lvb

1. GKz‡k eB‡gjvq K‡qKwU eB cÖKvwkZ n‡”Q| GK. nvmvb nvwdRyi ingvb: Rxeb I mvwnZ¨| `yB. Rxebvb›`, kvgmyi ivngvb I eûgvwÎK evOvwj| wZb. bRiæ‡ji DËivwaKvi I AvaywbK evOjv KweZv| cÖ_gwU HwZn¨, wØZxqwU weRq cÖKvk Ges Z…ZxqwU †ei Ki‡Q mvwnZ¨ wejvm|

2. nvmvb nvwdRyi ingvb: Rxeb I mvwnZ¨Ð G eBwUi KvR ïiæ n‡qwQ‡jv Zuvi g„Zz¨i Av‡M| GUv Avgvi cÖ_g w`‡Ki eB| QvÎve¯’vq Avwg Zuvi B›UviwfD wbB| eBwU‡Z Zuvi mvwnZ¨, ivRbxwZ, GKz‡k †deªæqvwii cÖ_g msKjb GBme bvbvb welq D‡V G‡m‡Q| GUv cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ nq evsjv GKv‡Wgx †_‡K| Gevi HwZn¨ †_‡K wØZxq ms¯‹iY †ei n‡”Q| Rxebvb›`, kvgmyi ivngvb I eûgvwÎK evOvwj eBwU‡Z †jvKmvwnZ¨ †_‡K AvaywbK mvwnZ¨ Ges Avgv‡`i eyw×e„wË †PZbv iƒcvšÍ‡ii †ÿ‡Î huviv Ae`vb †i‡L‡Qb Zuv‡`i K_v Av‡Q| ûgvq~b AvRv‡`i K_v Av‡Q| Zuvi e³‡e¨i g‡a¨ AvwZkh¨ wQ‡jv, evOvwji Ans‡evaI wQ‡jv| bRiæ‡ji DËivwaKvi I AvaywbK evOjv KweZvq ej‡Z †P‡qwQ, bRiæj‡K wb‡q Avgv‡`i h_vh_ g~j¨vqb nqwb| Zuv‡K LwÛZ `„wófw½ †_‡K †`Lv n‡q‡Q| KweZvq wZwb †Kej wel‡qi cwieZ©b NUvbwb, Avw½‡Ki †ÿ‡Î cwieZ©b NwU‡q‡Qb| KweZvq mgwó †PZbv ivRbxwZ gb¯‹Zv bRiæ‡ji †cÖiYvq †ewk KvR K‡i‡Q| KweZvq ivRbxwZi wkíiƒc GUv bRiæj Avgv‡`i wkwL‡q‡Qb| GBme `„wó‡KvY †_‡K G eBwU| bRiæ‡ji AwMœexYv Kve¨ cÖKvwkZ nq 1922 mv‡j, GKB mv‡j cÖKvwkZ nq wUGm Gwjq‡Ui I‡q÷j¨vÛ Kve¨| GKRb GK`g kxl©¯’v‡b e‡m, Av‡iKRb gv‡b bRiæj wj‡L‡Qb mvgªvR¨ev‡`i GK`g wbqš¿‡Yi g‡a¨ e‡m| wUGm GwjqU wj‡L‡Qb Aeÿq, fvO‡bi c‡ÿ , bRiæj AvZ¥weKv‡ki AvZ¥we‡kølY Ges AvZ¥‡b¥vP‡bi K_v e‡j‡Qb|

3. mgv‡jvPbvq `ye©jZv Av‡Q| mgv‡jvPbv mvwnZ¨ we‡kølYvZ¥K| Z‡e, Zv †h GK`g †bB Zv bq| GKwU K_v ej‡ZB nq, evsjv GKv‡Wgx gbbkxjZvi cÖZxK, wKš‘ gbbkxjZvi †ÿ‡Î Zviv K‡ZvUzKz f‚wgKv cvjb Ki‡Q|

4. eB‡gjvq wM‡q Avgiv Av‡eMvcøyZ nB| eÜz-evÜ‡ei mv‡_ †`Lv nq| GUv evOvwji GK e‡ov ai‡bi Drme|

MÖš’Yv : †mwjg evjv

kvk¦Z i‡_ P‡j †M‡jb †`e`vm PµeZx©

g B by Ïx b Lv ‡j `

1940-Gi `kK| KjKvZv K‡jøvwjZ| R¡j‡Q hy‡×i Av¸b| `ywf©ÿcxwoZ gvbyl †MvOv‡”Q bMixi c‡_| Bs‡iR kvmK Dcwb‡ek ¸wU‡q †bqvi Av‡M me †kl K‚UPvj w`‡q‡Q| Zv‡Z jÊfÊ wn›`y-gymjgv‡bi m¤úªxwZ| `v½vi Av¸‡b dzU‡Q gvby‡li i³| GB welev‡®úi Uv‡b‡ji ga¨ w`‡q ˆK‡kvi DËxY© bexb hyeK †`e`vm †nu‡U‡Qb| nuvU‡Z nuvU‡Z wZwbI ey‡S‡Qb, gvby‡li g„Zz¨ n‡j gvbe †eu‡P _v‡K| IB AwMœMf© KvjB cixÿv wb‡qwQj †K KZUzKy gvbweK| †K `uvov‡e wecbœ gvbeZvi cv‡k| `v½vi k‰b k‰b A‡¯¿i mvg‡b †K `uvov‡Z cv‡i Amxg mvn‡m eyK wPwZ‡q| _vwg‡q w`‡Z cv‡i gvby‡li i‡³ gvby‡li †nvwj †Ljv| A½xKv‡ii cyiæ‡iLvq AuvKv A‡bK cÖMvp wkí †cjvg Avgiv| GB `vnKv‡j gvby‡li cÖwZ `vqe×Zvq A‡bK m„Rb nj Mv‡b, KweZvq, bvU‡K, Dcb¨v‡m Avi wPÎwk‡í| †`k ¯^vaxb nj| wKš‘ ivóª gvbweK nj bv| KvjvKvby‡bi †eó‡b k¦vmiæ×Ki nj mgvR| ZvB †`e`vmiv c_ Qvo‡jb bv| †Kbbv ZLbI wbibœ gvby‡liv AvZ©bv` Ki‡Q| evgcš’vi ivRbxwZi Kvi‡Y| hviv †`ªv‡n A‡cÿvK…Z `„ß Zviv wgwQj Kij Lv‡`¨i `vwe‡Z| ¸wj Pjj †g‡q‡`i wgwQ‡jI| m`¨ ¯^vaxb †`‡kI ¸wj! †`e`vm‡`i gb msÿzä| KjKvZvi ivR¨cvj G‡jb AvU© K‡j‡Ri evwl©K cÖ`k©bxi D‡Øvab †NvlYv Ki‡Z| cÖwZev‡` gyLwiZ n‡jb K‡j‡Ri wkÿv_x©iv| Bs‡iR P‡j †M‡Q| Zey i‡q †M‡Q Zv‡`i `yóbxwZ| AgvbweK cÖfzmyjf Lei`vwi wK K‡i AZ ZvovZvwo n‡U hvq ¯^‡`‡ki ivóªPvjbvq! Abyôv‡b †Mvj‡hvM m„wói Awf‡hv‡M ewn®‹…Z n‡jb †iev †nvi, weRb †PŠayix, i‡gb PµeZx©, †mvgbv_ †nvi, †`e`vm PµeZx© cÖgyL|

weRb Avi †`e`vm| `yR‡biB evwo c~e©e‡½ | dwi`cy‡i| KjKvZv †_‡K wZ³ AwfÁZv wb‡q GB evsjvq P‡j G‡jb Zviv| 1950 G `yRb fwZ© n‡jb XvKvi PviæKjv Bbw÷wUD‡U| mZx_© wn‡m‡e †c‡jb Avwgbyj Bmjvg, gyZ©Rv ekxi, KvBqyg †PŠayix, iwk` †PŠayix, ˆmq` Rvnv½xi cÖgyL 50-Gi `k‡Ki AMÖYx wkíx‡`i|

GK AwMœMf© mgq †_‡K †ewi‡q G‡m Av‡iK Av¸bSiv mg‡qi gy‡LvgywL n‡jb †`e`vm| XvKv ZLb DËvj fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖwZev‡`| Zvi ivRbxwZ m‡PZb mZx_©iv cvwK¯Ívb bvgK `yó iv‡óªi kvmK‡`i jvjPÿz‡K P¨v‡jÄ w`‡q Qwe Gu‡K P‡j‡Q| Rvwb‡q w`‡Z Pv‡”Q Zviv evsjvi nvRvi eQ‡ii ms¯‹…wZi ˆewkó¨|

G‡Z GKw`‡K Av‡Q †mŠ›`h©Z…òv Avi Ab¨w`‡K msMÖvgkxjZv| 1951 mv‡j Rb¥ †bq XvKv AvU© MÖæc| 1952-i AbywôZ nq MÖæ‡ci wØZxq cÖ`k©bx| G cÖ`k©bx‡ZB wkíx †`e`vm PµeZx© AvZ¥cÖKvk K‡ib|

1948-G cÖwZwôZ XvKvi PviæKjv we`¨vj‡qi wkíx‡`i g‡b ïiæ‡ZB cÖfve †d‡jwQj evsjvi wPišÍb cÖK…wZ Avi mgKvj| GKw`‡K Zviv Gu‡K P‡j‡Q wbZ¨ cwieZ©bkxj MÖx®§gÊjxq †`‡ki cÖvK…wZK iƒcivwk Avi GB iƒ‡ci g‡a¨ cÖengvb gvby‡li Rxeb| †`e`v‡mi ¸iæiv n‡jb Rqbyj, Kvgiæj, AvbIqviæj, mwdDwÏb| GB wkÿKivI †`e`v‡mi ˆPZb¨ weKv‡ki c_ myMg K‡i w`‡qwQ‡jb| GKw`‡K †`ªvnx †PZbv, MYgvby‡li Rb¨ we‡kl ggZv, Ab¨w`‡K cÖK…wZi iƒcivwk bvixi Rb¨ AvKzjZv meB Zvi ¸iæ‡`i nv‡Z PwP©Z n‡qwQj|

†hLv‡b gvbyl Rxe‡bi †kl kw³UzKz w`‡q D`icywZ©i A_© †RvMvq, †mBLv‡b †PvL c‡o †`e`v‡mi| wZwb P‡j †h‡Zb m`iNv‡U, †ij‡÷k‡b, iv‡qi evRv‡i, Kzgvicvovq kªgx gvby‡li †Luv‡R| †L‡U LvIqv gvbyl, hviv mPj iv‡L mf¨Zvi PvKv GB gvby‡li cÖwZ we‡kl `i` wQj Zvi wkíx Rxe‡bi m~PbvjMœ †_‡KB| wbgœe‡Y©i gvby‡liv wQj Zvi Qwei welq| GKw`‡K divwm wiqvwjRg Avi Ab¨w`‡K Rvg©vb G·‡cÖkwbR‡gi AšÍM©Z `ytmn ev¯ÍeZv GB `yB fvlv wg‡j XvKvq ZLb GK †`ªvnx fvebvi wPÎ iwPZ n‡qwQj| Avi †mB m‡½ B‡¤úªkwbR‡gi i‡Oi gvqvqI Rwo‡q‡Qb cÖvq me wkíx|

m`vPÂj cÖK…wZ, FZz‰ewP‡Î¨i cÖK…wZ Avi b`xgvZ…K evsjvi RjmPj wm» cÖK…wZi cÖ‡Yv`bvq GLv‡b mnmª Qwei Rb¥ n‡q‡Q| †`e`vm b`xi gZ cÖevwnZ n‡q‡Qb| b`x I wbm‡M©i ga¨ w`‡q Pj‡Z Pj‡Z wZwb ey‡S‡Qb A‡bK m~‡h©i GB Dò †`‡k GK bZzb wbq‡g wPÎ iwPZ n‡Z cv‡i| G †`‡ki dzjø cÖK…wZ‡Z wbišÍi Pj‡Q wewPÎ i‡Oi imvqb| GB i‡Oi imvqb Ae‡jvKb K‡i 50-Gi `k‡K AviI A‡b‡Ki gZ †`e`vmI e¯‘wbi‡cÿ eY©wenv‡i †M‡jb| G‡`‡k weg~Z© wkífvlvi mw¤§jb N‡U‡Q cwð‡gi B‡¤úªkwbRg, weg~Z© cÖKvkev` Avi G‡`‡ki †jvKKjvi gËawg©Zv| †`e`v‡mi Kv‡Ri w`‡K ZvKv‡jI GB ˆewkó¨ Lyu‡R cvIqv hv‡e| Z‡e G wkíxi g‡bvfw½i g‡a¨ GKUv Li‡eM DwR‡q G‡mwQj| nq‡Zv Zvi cÖwZevw` ˆPZb¨ mwµq i‡q‡Q ewY©j Zzwj Pvjbvq| wZwb Av‡Mœq D`Mxi‡Yi gZ e‡Y©i weKvk †`wL‡q‡Qb A_ev myMwVZ d‡g© ¯úó R¨vwgwZK †iLvq †g‡c‡Qb| hLb wZwb cÖK…wZ I bvixi iƒ‡c gy»vweó †_‡K‡Qb ZLbI wZwb ewY©j MwZkxj| gš’iZv A_ev ¤øvbvq‡bi Bw½Z †bB Zvi Kv‡R| m„R‡bi †Nv‡i wZwb wbmM© I gvbyl ci¯úwiZ K‡i †d‡j‡Qb| evsjvi cÖK…wZi w`‡K ZvKv‡j G AwfÁvb nq| GLv‡b b`x-bvixi gZ K_v Kq| wbm‡M©i A½-cÖZ½ Avi gvby‡li fvjevmv wg‡jwg‡k GKvKvi nq| cÖdzjø cÖK…wZ‡ZB †Zv cÖdzjø Rxe‡bi Bkviv Luy‡R cvIqv hvq| †`e`v‡mi weg~Z© wkífvlvi g‡a¨ msL¨v Luy‡R cvIqv hvq gvby‡li cÖZ¨‡½i we‡ÿc| †hb †P‡q Av‡Q KviI †PvL wKsev †f‡m DVj my›`ixi Wvbv| GB fvebv wkíx AviI A‡bK `~i GwM‡q wb‡q †M‡Qb| GKmgq Zvi Qwe n‡q DVj †gUvgidwmm ev mËvi iƒcvšÍ‡ii fvl¨| GLv‡b cÖvK…wZK Abyl½ gvbexi iƒc †c‡Z †P‡q‡Q| KL‡bv bvixiv Zvi wbm‡M©i m‡½ wg‡jwg‡k GK Ac~e© gvqvKvbb iPbv K‡i‡Q| B›`ªaby ¯úk© Kivi gZ GK DËz½ ¯^cœPvwiZvq PvwjZ K‡i‡Qb wZwb wb‡Ri wkíx ˆPZb¨‡K| ïay KzmywgZ cÖK…wZi gZ bvixi jveY¨ bq, bq b`xi gZ bvixi †`‡ni †iLv, AviI e¨¯Í wQj †`e`v‡mi fvebv| dm‡ji m¤¢v‡ii cv‡i K…lvY-K…lvYxi Avb›`gyLI wZwb evi evi Gu‡K‡Qb| dmj djv‡bvi myLUvI wZwb Zzwj‡Z Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| jxjvPÂj cÖK…wZ‡K aivi Rb¨ wZwb †Kvb üó iƒc‡Ki AbymÜvb K‡i‡Qb| cÖK…wZi kw³ wK bvix-kixwiYx n‡q weivR Ki‡Q? cyiæl I cÖK…wZi mgxKiYB †Zv GB c„w_exi me‡P‡q Mfxi bvUK| Gme fvebvq GKevi e‡Y© AšÍwn©Z n‡q‡Qb Avevi e‡Y©i RgvU cwimi †_‡K wkíx gvby‡li gyL n‡q Dw`Z n‡q‡Qb|

GKevi 1940-Gi `k‡K KjKvZvi iv¯Ívq Av‡iKevi cÂv‡ki I lv‡Ui `k‡K Ges me‡k‡l 71 Gi gyw³hy‡× Zzwj nv‡Z gvby‡li Rb¨ `vqe×Zvi cixÿv w`‡jb †`e`vm|

1958 eÜz weRb †PŠayix bv‡g mvgwiK miKvi †MÖdZvwi ciIqvbv Rvwi Ki‡j †`e`vmI wePwjZ n‡q I‡Vb| KviY †h Av`‡k© jvjb Kivi Rb¨ `yó kvmK weRb‡K †Luv‡R †mB GKB Av`‡k©i c‡_B †Zv Kuv‡a Kuva wgwj‡q‡Qb Kg‡iW †`e`vm|

my¯’ ivR‰bwZK †PZbvq PvwjZ †_‡K‡Qb †`e`vm| G Rb¨ A‡bK cÖwZK‚jZvi gy‡LvgywL n‡Z n‡q‡Q Zv‡K| Zey gvby‡li msnwZ‡Z Zvi †h wek¦vm Zv KL‡bv Uz‡U hvqwb| 1970-G PÆMÖvg wek¦we`¨vj‡q PviæKjv wefv‡M PvKwi wb‡q‡Qb AvMvgxi cÖRb¥‡K D`vi g‡š¿ `xwÿZ Kivi Rb¨| Avevi G‡jv eviæ`MÜx cÖni| 1971-Gi gv‡P©B PÆMÖv‡g iwk` †PŠayix, †`e`vm PµeZx©, mwen&Dj Avjg cÖgyL Av‡qvRb Ki‡jb cÖ`k©bx Ôevsjvi we‡`ªvnÕ| GUvB †eva nq G‡`‡k cÖwZev`gyLwiZ Qwei cÖ_g cÖ`k©bx gyw³hy‡×i AvMvg wkwíZ evZ©v|

1971-G †KvjKvZvq P‡j †M‡jb †`e`vm| ag©wbi‡cÿ fvebvq gvby‡li msnwZ Abvwej e¨vwß jvf K‡i| G †eva RvMvwbqv wkíx evsjv‡`k miKv‡i Z_¨ I cÖPvi wefv‡Mi Rb¨ iPbv Ki‡jb Zvi †mB fvebvi †cv÷vi| G‡Z wkíx †jL‡jb: evsjvi wn›`y/ evsjvi L„óvb/ evsjvi †eŠ×/ evsjvi gymjgvb/ Avgiv mevB/ ev½vjx|

hy‡×vËiKv‡j Avevi Zvi Qwei Rwg‡b gvbyl wd‡i G‡jv| cÖ_gZ gvbyl G‡jv †Mwijv iƒ‡c| gyw³‡hv×v‡`i wkíx AuvK‡jb m`vmZ©K `ywU †Pv‡Li Zvivq| †hv×viv evsjvi cÖK…wZ‡Z wg‡k wM‡q kÎæ‡`i †Pv‡L ay‡jv w`‡q Avµg‡Yi A‡cÿvq Av‡Q| Z‡e ïay hy× bq| hy‡×i wbcxo‡bi `„k¨I gg©wiZ n‡q‡Q †`e`v‡mi Qwe‡Z|

¯¿x‡K nvwi‡q wkíx `xN©Kvj †kv‡K gyn¨gvb †_‡K‡Qb| Zvici `xN© wbieZvq ci AveviI Zvi nv‡Z Kw¤úZ nj Zzwj| wZwb AuvK‡jb e„wói avivÐ R‡ji kã| †mB cÖKvkRR©i †`e`vm Avi †bB| †hb eY© ev †iLvI †bB| Av‡Q ïay myi| Av‰K‡kvi wZwb Qwe I m½xZ‡K cig Av‡e‡M fv‡jv‡e‡m‡Qb| B”Qv Ki‡j m½xZ wkíxI n‡Z cvi‡Zb| Avi m½xZ wkíx bv n‡jB ev wK, myi Qvov †Zv m„wó †bB| GB gg©v_©B †hb GZw`‡b Abyf‚Z nj †`e`v‡mi g‡b| GKw`b b`x‡gLjv evsjvi b`xZx‡ii cÖK…wZ I gvby‡li iƒc †`‡L kvk¦Z‡K Abyfe K‡i Avi Zß ivRc‡_ †nu‡U mgKv‡ji Zvc‡K Mv‡q †g‡L †h wkíx weKwkZ n‡q‡Qb wZwb Avi GLb †Pv‡Li Kv‡Qi †Kv‡bv †Kvjvnj †`‡Lb bv| †hb kvk¦‡Zi I mgKv‡ji me K‡jøvj kwgZ n‡q †M‡Q| wb‡R‡K †Kv‡bv GK wbR©b Kzawi‡Z m‡c w`‡q wb‡Ri Rxe‡biB `xN© AwšÍg m½xZ ïb‡jb g„Zz¨c_hvÎx †`e`vm| GKvKx MÜweayi a~‡ci g‡a¨ ï‡q `xN©Kvj wZwb AvNªvY wb‡q‡Qb g„Zz¨i| GB †Zv †mw`b a~‡ci †auvqvi gZB Ab‡šÍ wgwj‡q †M‡jb †`e`vm PµeZx©| Avgiv hLb BwZnv‡mi cvZv Ly‡j †`Le †Kvb wkíxiv Gu‡K †M‡Qb GB evsjvq ag©wbi‡cÿ kvk¦Z gš¿ ZLb Avgv‡`i `uvov‡Z n‡e †`e`v‡mi wk‡íi Kv‡Q| ïay evsjvi wPÎKjvi BwZnv‡mi bq| evsjv‡`‡ki mvwe©K BwZnv‡mi Abc‡bq Dcv`vb GB wkíxi KvR|

K_v mvwnwZ¨K‡`i K_v

cÖkœ :

1. GKz‡k eB‡gjvq Avcbvi wK wK eB cÖKvwkZ n‡”Q?

2. cÖKvwkZ eB‡qi g‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ eB¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© ejyb|

3. K_v mvwn‡Z¨ †QvUMí Ges Dcb¨vm GB `ywU avivi g‡a¨ †Kvb aviv‡K Avcbvi kw³gvb e‡j g‡b nq? Ges RbwcÖqZvi wn‡m‡eI|

4. Gev‡ii eB‡gjv m¤ú‡K© wKQz ejyb|

nvmvb AvwRRyj nK

1. cÖe‡Üi eB †ewi‡q‡Q Qov‡bv wQUv‡bvÐcÖKvkK BZ¨vw` cÖKvkb, wbe©vwPZ cÖeÜ †ei K‡i‡Q Abb¨v| wbe©vwPZ nvmvb AvwRRyj nKÐgvIjv eªv`vm© | nvmvb AvwRRyj n‡Ki eo MíÐ kã ˆkjx Ges nvmvb AvwRRyj n‡Ki †QvU Mí cÖKvk K‡i‡Q wek¦ mvwnZ¨ †K›`ª|

2. Avgvi cÖeÜ Qov‡bv wQUv‡bv-‡Z MZ GK eQ‡ii g‡a¨ wewfbœ cÎ-cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ mvwnZ¨ ivRbxwZ ms¯‹…wZ, `k©b welqK cÖe‡Üi ms¯‹iY| nvmvb AvwRRyj n‡Ki eo MíÐ GB Mí¸‡jv cÖvq b‡fj RvZxq wKš‘ b‡fj bq| Dcb¨vwmK I bq| G¸‡jv `xN© Mí| wbe©vwPZ cÖeÜ G ch©šÍ hZ cÖeÜ Av‡Q †mme †_‡K wbe©vwPZ|

3. Avwg g‡b Kwi Dcb¨vm Ges †QvUMí mnAe¯’vb K‡i| `y‡Uv wel‡qi cÖKvk Avjv`v|

4. Avgvi g‡b nq cvVKiv GB †deªæqvwii eB‡gjvi Rb¨ gywL‡q _v‡K| †jLK-cÖKvkK Aaxi AvMÖ‡n ZvwK‡q _v‡K eB‡gjvi cÖwZ| eB‡gjv †_‡K DbœZ mvwnZ¨ ˆZwi n‡”Q wKbv †m welqwU Avgv‡`i †Lqvj Kiv `iKvi| eB †gjv‡K †K›`ª K‡i GKwU jNy D‡ËRbv KvR K‡i| hv †_‡K gvbnxb mvwnZ¨ ˆZwi n‡Z cv‡i| iv‡óªi AvMÖn _vK‡Z n‡e eB‡gjvi GKUv AbyK‚j cwi‡ek ˆZwii|

ivnvZ Lvb

1. Gev‡ii eB‡gjvq Avmv eB‡qi g‡a¨ ågY KvwnbxÐAv‡gwiKvq, wK‡kvi mgMÖ, MíMÖš’- †kªô Mí, Dcb¨vm- `yB bvix, w`b hvq w`b Av‡m BZ¨vw`|

2. w`b hvq w`b Av‡m ÐGB Dcb¨vmwU K¬vwmK¨vj UvB‡ci| gvB‡MÖk‡bi Dci †jLv| hLb cvwK¯Ívb fvM n‡q hvq wn›`yiv P‡j hvq KjKvZvq ejv hvq †mB mg‡qi `wjj GB Dcb¨vm|

3. †QvU Mí Ges Dcb¨vm mvwnZ¨ avivi `y‡Uv Ask| Zzjbvg~jK wePv‡ii †Kvb cÖ‡qvRb †bB| `y‡Uv wel‡qi Zvrch© wfbœ iK‡gi| †QvUMí n‡”Q nVvr K‡i Sj‡m IVv GKUv mZ¨| Avi Dcb¨v‡m Rxe‡bi eû aviv G‡m wg‡j hvq| GKwU Ab¨wUi †P‡q †ewk kw³kvjx Ggb Avgvi Kv‡Q g‡b nq bv|

4. eB‡gjv Avgv‡`i Rxeb, ms¯‹…wZi Ask| d‡j welqwU m¤ú‡K© AMÖmigvbZv _vKv DwPZ| eB‡gjv‡K †Rjv-Dc‡Rjv ch©šÍ we¯Í„Z K‡i †`Iqv DwPZ| fv‡jv eB‡qi c„ô‡cvlKZv Kiv DwPZ| Zvn‡j Avgv‡`i cÖKvkbv wkí mg„× n‡e|

†mwjbv †nv‡mb

1. Dcb¨vm c~Y© Qwei gMÖZvÐ cÖKvk K‡i‡Q Ab¨ cÖKvk, ev”Pv‡`i Dcb¨vm Puv‡`i eywoi cvšÍv BwjkÐ RbZv cÖKvk, cÖeÜ- Ni †Mi‡¯’i ivRbxwZÐ BZ¨vw` cÖKvkb, wb‡R‡K Ki RqÐ mvwnZ¨ wejvm, `wÿY Gwkqvi bvixev`x MíÐ m¤úv`bv-†mwjbv †nv‡mb, †`ehvbx †mb¸ßÐ mgq cÖKvkb, wK‡kvi mgMÖ †ei K‡i‡Q myeY© cÖKvkb

2. c~Y© Qwei gMœZvÐ GKk eQi Av‡M †h iex›`ªbv_ Rwg`vix msµvšÍ Kv‡R Avgv‡`i GLv‡b G‡mwQ‡jb Zuvi †mB Rxe‡bi cUf‚wg‡Z †jLv n‡q‡Q G Dcb¨vmwU| `wÿY Gwkqvi bvixev`x MíÐ bvix Bmy¨‡Z wewfbœ welq wb‡q cÖeÜ Av‡Q G eB‡Z| bvix, cyiæl Df‡qiB A‡bK cÖeÜ ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q|

3. Avgvi g‡Z `y‡UvB kw³kvjx| †QvU Mí ZvrÿwYKZv‡K iƒc †`q Avi Dcb¨v‡m mvgwMÖKZv `vwe iv‡L| †m‡ÿ‡Î Dcb¨vm‡K †Kvb †Kvb †ÿ‡Î ejv hvq GKUz †ewk GwM‡q|

4. Gev‡ii †gjv fv‡jv n‡”Q| GKUv cwi”Qbœ cwi‡ek weivR Ki‡Q| Z‡e GKwU wel‡q ej‡Z PvB| cÖKvkKiv ïay wb‡R‡`i eB wewµ Ki‡Z cvi‡eÐ Zv bv n‡q hw` me cÖKvkK me eB wewµ Ki‡Z cviZ Zvn‡j Zv A‡bK fv‡jv nZ|

Ave`yk kvKzi

1. 3wU eB †eiæ‡”Q| fvlv I mvwnZ¨, mgvR I mgvRZË¡ÐgvIjv eªv`vm©, AvZ¥K_‡b Avãym kvKzi t KuvUv‡Z †MvjvcI _v‡KÐ HwZn¨, Avãyk kvKzi iPbvejx (1g LÊ), †`‡e›`ª bv_ VvKz‡ii AvZ¥Rxebx, wkeivg PµeZx©i †kªô Mí, ciï iv‡gi †kªô Mí|

2. fvlv I mvwnZ¨ Ges mgvR I mgvRZË¡ - cÖe‡Üi eB `y‡Uv †gŠwjK| G w`K †_‡K G `y‡Uv eB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| mgvR I mgvRZ‡Ë¡ mgv‡Ri Avbycyw¼K eY©bv Av‡Q mgvRZË¡ Ges mgvRweÁv‡bi `„wóf½xi Av‡jv‡K| evsjvfvlvi Dci evbvb wb‡q nq ˆbivR¨, kã msKU cÖf…wZ welq wb‡q †jLv n‡q‡Q fvlv I mvwnZ¨ cÖeÜwU|

3. †QvUMí kw³kvjx| †ek wKQy fv‡jv †QvU Mí G‡m‡Q Avgv‡`i mvwn‡Z¨| †QvU M‡íi †mB we‡kølY †mB IRb Dcb¨v‡mi g‡a¨ D‡V Av‡mwb|

4. †gjvi cwi‡ek cwi”Qbœ g‡b n‡jv| e¨e¯’vcbvi weiæ‡× †Zgb wKQy ejvi †bB| †hfv‡e cÖZ¨vkv Kwi †gjv †mfv‡eB Pj‡Q|

gÄy miKvi

1. Gev‡ii eB‡gjvq Avgvi †Kvb eB †ei nqwb| mgq wb‡q `y‡Uv Dcb¨vm wjLwQ| AvMvgx eQ‡i Avkv Kwi †kl Ki‡Z cvie| Gev‡i gyw³hy× wb‡q †QvU‡`i Dc‡hvMx K‡i †jLv GKwU Dcb¨vm| GKvË‡ii †evev f~Z Gi bZzb ms¯‹KiY †ei n‡q‡Q|

3. evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ †QvUM‡íi Ae`vb A‡bK †ewk| A‡bK fv‡jv gv‡bi †QvUMí †jLv n‡q‡Q Avgv‡`i mvwn‡Z¨ wKš‘ RbwcÖqZvi w`K †_‡K Dcb¨vm kx‡l©|

4. Avgv‡`i eB‡gjv‡K AvšÍR©vwZK iƒc †`Iqv †h‡Z cv‡i| KviY GwU Avgv‡`i Rxe‡bi Av‡eMgq eo NUbv| Z‡e wkí-mvwn¨‡Zi †ÿ‡Î eB wKfv‡e f‚wgKv ivL‡Q Zv ¸iæ‡Z¡i mv‡_ †`L‡Z n‡e| AvšÍR©vwZK †gjv n‡j G‡ÿ‡Î mnvqK n‡e| Avgv‡`i cÖKvkKiv †ckv`vix nIqvi †cÖiYv cv‡e|

Bg`v`yj nK wgjb

1. GeQi eB‡gjvq Avgvi †gvU 8wU eB †eiæ‡e| 5wU †ewi‡q‡Q| †Kgb Av‡Qv meyR cvZvÐAb¨ cÖKvk, G‡mv, nvZ a‡ivÐAb¨ cÖKvk, GKvKx, †K, wcÖq wjwjqvb ÐAbb¨v, iƒcvB Kb¨vÐnv‡ZLwo, bvwqKvi bvg AvqbvÐmgq, g‡b ivLvi w`bÐevsjv cÖKvkb

2. me eBB D‡jøL‡hvM¨| Z‡e †Kgb Av‡Qv meyR cvZv Avgvi wcÖq GKwU Dcb¨vm| cÖavb KviY Avgvi Rxeb wb‡q †jLv| g‡bi hZ †jLv e‡j GwUi cÖwZ we‡kl `yej©Zv Av‡Q| GUv‡K AvZ¥‰RewbK Dcb¨vm ejv hvq| †KÐDcb¨vmwUI cQ‡›`i| cÖwZeQi ev”Pv‡`i wb‡q GKwU Dcb¨vm †jLvi †Póv Kwi| inm¨, †ivgvÂ wb‡q| †ZgbB GKwU Dcb¨vm GwU| GLv‡b GKwU Lvgvi evwo‡Z GKwU wK‡kvix Av¸‡b cy‡o gviv †M‡Q| wKš‘ GB inm¨gqx wK‡kvix‡K gv‡S gv‡S †`Lv hvq|

3. Avgv‡`i mvwn‡Z¨i eo m¤ú` KweZv| Zvici †QvUMí| Zzjbvg~jK wePv‡i wk‡íi †ÿ‡Î Dcb¨vm wcwQ‡q Av‡Q| Z‡e Avgv‡`i mvwn‡Z¨I Ggb A‡bK Dcb¨vm †jLv n‡q‡Q hv Bs‡iwR-¯ú¨vwbk fvlvq †jLv n‡j Zv †bv‡ej cÖvBR †cZ|

4. PgrKvi| Z‡e GKUv e¨vcv‡i AvcwË Av‡Q| evsjv GKv‡Wgxi wbqg Abyhvqx wb‡Ri cÖKvwkZ eB¸‡jv ïay wewµ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| wKš‘ me eB me †`vKv‡b cvIqv †M‡j cvVK‡`i Rb¨ A‡bK myweav nZ| KwVb wbqg K‡i eB `y®úvc¨ Kivi †Zv †Zgb `iKvi †bB|

MÖš’Yv : mvwdbvR myjZvbv

g„Zz¨Äq gviv †M‡Q

bv wR e I qv `y `

Ð¯^cœ? Zvw”Qj¨ dz‡U DV‡jv Zvi wZh©K nvwm‡Z| mKvj n‡jI N‡i m~‡h©i Av‡jv wQ‡jv bv, mvRv‡bv cwicvwU WªBsiæ‡g wUDejvBU R¡j‡Q| †mB Av‡jv‡Z Zvi gyLLvbv †`qv‡j Uv½v‡bv Qwei g‡Zv PKPK K‡i| Zvi gy‡Li Av`j wKQzUv euvKv, Avgiv Zv‡K euvKz myjZvb e‡j ivMvZvg| G wb‡q Zvi nxbgb¨Zvi †kl wQ‡jv bv| wKš‘ AvR w`b e`‡j‡Q| ïay Zvi QvÎiv bq, Av‡iv A‡bK Ab¨ †jvKI Zv‡K GLb m¨vi e‡j Wv‡K| WªBsiæ‡gi GLv‡b-†mLv‡b †QvU-eo Qwe bvbvb Abyôv‡bi, eo eo e¨w³‡`i m‡½| †mw`‡K bRi bv w`‡q ejjvg, dRi Iqv‡³i Av‡M-Av‡M Avwg †h ¯^cœ †`wL Zv gv‡S gv‡S mwZ¨ nq|

†Kv‡bv DËi Ki‡jv bv †m, †hb Avgvi K_v Zvi Kv‡bB †cuŠ‡Qwb| A_ev G iKg K_v‡K ¸iæZ¡ †`qvi cÖ‡qvRb g‡b K‡i bv †m| N‡ii DËi †`qv‡j my`„k¨ we‡`kx †`qvjNwo- Zvi PvKv Nyi‡Q, Nyi‡QB t| †mw`‡K Zvi `„wó wbe×, †hb mgq ¸b‡QÐ GK †m‡KÊt GK wgwbUt, mgq Pj‡Qt, mg‡qi m‡½ cvjøv w`‡q Zvi Aw¯’i gb Zvj mvgjv‡Z cvi‡Q bv| ZLb Ab¨ w`‡K bRi †div‡jv †m, †kv-‡K‡mi w`‡K| bvbvb ˆZRm-cÎ, †`kx-we‡`kx my¨‡fwbi, †µ÷, ÿz`ªvKvi fv¯‹‡h©i wWm‡cø Zv‡Z| g‡bv n‡jv, cÖm½Uv‡K Gov‡Z PvB‡Q †m, wKš‘ Kx Kiv DwPZ †f‡e cv‡”Q bv| ZLb Wªwqsiæ‡gi †fw›U‡jUi †_‡K GK‡Rvov wUKwUwK †ewi‡q G‡m †W‡K DV‡jvÐ wUK, wUK, wUK| Avwg †hb ïbjvgÐ wVK, wVK, wVK| myjZvbI †hb GKUz Pg‡K D‡VwQ‡jv, wKš‘ wUKwUwK¸‡jvi w`‡K ZvwK‡q Avgvi Nvo bvov †`‡L †m Avevi †VuvU euvKv Ki‡jv| Avwg Zv †`‡LI bv †`Lvi fvb K‡i iBjvg|

g„Zz¨Äq bv‡g Avgv‡`i `yRb eÜz Av‡Q| Lye †QvU eq‡m GKevi wbD‡gvwbqv n‡q iwd‡Ki bvwK g„Zz¨B n‡qwQ‡jv, Wv³viiv Zv-B e‡jwQ‡jb| †kl †Póvi ci wPwKrmKiv Zvi Avkv †Q‡o w`‡qwQ‡jb| wKš‘ mevB‡K AevK K‡i w`‡q †m †eu‡P D‡VwQ‡jv| ZLb Wv³vi‡`i g‡a¨B †K GKRb bvwK Avb‡›` D‡Øj n‡q e‡jwQ‡jb, G †h g„Zz¨Äq †`LwQ! †mB †_‡K Zvi GB bvgUv i‡q †M‡Q| G Mí Zvi KvQ †_‡KB †kvbv| Ab¨ Rb m¤ú‡K© †Kv‡bv Mí ïwbwb, Zvi bvg bvwK Zvi evc-VvKzi`v-i †`qv, Zv‡Z †Kv‡bv cwieZ©b N‡Uwb|

hw`I A‡bK w`b I‡`i m‡½ †`Lv-mvÿvr †bB, hviv †`‡L‡Q Zv‡`i gy‡L ï‡bwQ Iiv `yRbB GLbI †ek my¯’ I ¯^v¯’¨evb, Ges mycyiæl| eqmI †Zgb †ewk wKQz bq, AvgviB g‡Zv, cÂv‡ki KgB n‡e| Iiv `yRbB eo e¨emvqx, Mvwo-evwoi gvwjK| my›`ix eD, cyZz‡ji g‡Zv †`L‡Z †Q‡j‡g‡q, wb‡RivI ivR-ivRov‡`i g‡Zv PKP‡K, wdbwd‡b| `yRbB GLb XvKvi ¯’vqx evwm›`v|

Ð¯^cœ me mgq mwZ¨ bv-I n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e eÜz‡`i wb‡q e¨vcvi †Zv! ¯^cœUv †`Lvi ci †_‡K gb Lvivc jvMwQ‡jv, ZvB †Zvgvi Kv‡Q Gjvg|

ÐIme ¯^cœ-Ucœ wb‡q gv_v bv Nvgv‡bvB fv‡jv, eyS‡j? iv‡Z †kvqvi Av‡M GKUv K‡i w wcs wcj †L‡q wbI|

myjZvb ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wkÿK, Zv-I wKbv `k©‡bi| cÖ‡dmi n‡q †M‡Q KÕeQi Av‡MB| GLb †`‡ki GKRb †nvgiv-†Pvgiv eyw×Rxwe, KvM‡R gv‡S-g‡a¨B Zvi bvg Qvcv nq, e³…Zv K‡i †eovq GLv‡b-†mLv‡b, Zvi gv‡b bvgx-`vgx †jvK, Lye fv‡jv Av‡Q †m| Avgvi GKUv PvKwi Ry‡UwQj evsjv‡`k e¨vs‡K, †mLv‡bB AvwQ GLbI, Avkv Av‡Q †eu‡P _vK‡j GLvb †_‡KB Aemi †be| Zvi Zzjbvq †ek †QvU PvKwi n‡jI Lvivc †bB Avwg, bx‡Pi w`‡K ZvwK‡q Pwj, Avjøvni ing‡Z kvwšÍ‡ZB AvwQ|

Avgiv `yRb ivRkvnx‡Z _vwK e‡j †hvMv‡hvM Av‡Q| myjZvb KLbI Avgvi evwo‡Z hvq bv, Avm‡j mgq-my‡hvMI Kg, AvwgB gv‡S-g‡a¨ Zvi evwo‡Z hvB| wKš‘ g„Zz¨Äq‡`i m‡½ †`Lv-mvÿvr nq bv A‡bK Kvj| Z‡e Zv‡`i ¯’vbxq AvZ¥xq-¯^Rb‡`i m~‡Î LeivLei †jb‡`b P‡j| e¨¯Í mevB wbR wbR RMr wb‡q, ¯‹zj-K‡j‡Ri †mB `~išÍ Rxeb †Kb, Zvi wQu‡U-†duvUvI wd‡i cvIqv Avi m¤¢e bq| ï‡bwQ cwiwPZ Rb‡`i Kv‡Q IivI Avgv‡`i ZË¡-Zvjvk †bq| Avgiv GLbI ci¯úi‡K Av‡Mi g‡ZvB Nwbô eÜz e‡j g‡b g‡b Abyfe Kwi|

AvR †fv‡ii ¯^cœ Avgv‡K mwZ¨B eo DwØMœ K‡i Zz‡j‡Q| Ggwb‡Z Avwg ¯^cœ †`wL Kg, wKš‘ hLb †`wL ZLb Zv d‡j hvq, ûeû bv †nvK, wKQz bv wKQz ev¯Í‡e NU‡eB, cÖvqB †m iKg nq| ev¯Íeev`x weØvb †jv‡Kiv Zv wek¦vm Ki‡Z PvB‡e bv| Gme K_v KLbI KvD‡K ewjwb| eÜzi g„Zz¨i e¨vcvi e‡j gb gvb‡jv bv, myjZv‡bi Kv‡Q Qz‡U †Mjvg, me Ly‡j ejjvg Zv‡K| Rvwb wek¦vm Ki‡Z PvB‡e bv, ZvB GKUv f~wgKv UvbwQjvg| wKš‘ wKQz GKUv e¨vcvi wb‡q e¨¯Í wQj †m, gb wQ‡jv DZjv, †m Avgvi K_vq Kvb w`j bv|

gb Lvivc KiwQj Avgvi| mßv‡ni wØZxq w`‡bi QzwU AvR, Avgvi nv‡Z cÖPzi mgq| wek¦we`¨vjq K¨v¤úvm †_‡K †ewi‡q cÙvi Zxi a‡i A‡bK `~i ch©šÍ †nu‡U †eovjvg| cwiwPZ A‡b‡Ki m‡½ †`Lv nj, Mí Kijvg, Zvici mv‡ne evRv‡i wM‡q wKQz †KbvKvUv K‡i evwo wdijvg| †ejv ZZÿ‡Y GMviUv †cwi‡q‡Q|

`‡ivRv Ly‡jB ¯¿x ejj, ï‡bQ, †Zvgvi eÜz g„Zz¨Äq gviv †M‡Q|

Ðgviv †M‡Q? KLb? Kxfv‡e? †K ejj?

Ð†K GKRb †Uwj‡dvb K‡iwQjt GB †Zv GKUz Av‡M| ejj, AvR mKv‡j †ivW G¨vKwm‡W‡›U gviv †M‡Q|

†ivRKvi g‡Zv Mvwo‡Z K‡i Awd‡m hvw”Qj, †cQb †_‡K GKUv wgwbevm av°v †g‡i‡Q| GBUzKz gvÎ Z_¨| msev``vZvi cwiPq †bqvi K_v Avgvi ¯¿xi g‡b wQj bv|

LvwbKÿY Avwg K_v ej‡Z cvijvg bv, wSg †g‡i e‡m _vKjvg| ¯^cœUv Zvn‡j mwZ¨B nj!

`ytmsev` †kvbvi m‡½ m‡½ Af¨vmekZt Bbœv-wjjøvn cojvg, wKš‘ †f‡e cvw”Q bv hvi g„Zz¨i Lei G‡m‡Q †m †Kvb g„Zz¨Äq|

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