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†dÂzMÄ mvi KviLvbvi †mB †hŠeb Avi †bB
wm‡j‡Ui †dÂzM‡Ä 1961 mv‡j ¯’vwcZ †`‡ki GKgvÎ BDwiqv mvi KviLvbv GLb bvbvgyLx msK‡Ui gy‡L c‡o‡Q| KviLvbvi †gwkb ÿq n‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡Q A‡bK Av‡MB| GKB Ae¯’v 36 †gMvIqvU Drcv`b ÿgZv m¤úbœ we`y¨r cø¨v‡›Ui| hš¿cvwZ cv‡ë KviLvbvwU mPj ivLvi †Póv Kiv n‡jI Rbej msKU †j‡MB i‡q‡Q| KviLvbvwU Ifvi‡nvwjs K‡i Pvjy ivLv `~in n‡q c‡o‡Q| G‡Z K‡i PjwZ A_© eQ‡i Drcv`‡bi jÿ¨gvÎv AwR©Z bv nIqvi AvksKv †`Lv w`‡q‡Q| Gevi Drcv`‡bi jÿ¨gvÎv wba©vib Kiv n‡q‡Q 77 nvRvi †gwUªK Ub| A_© eQ‡ii mvZ gvm AwZµvšÍ n‡jI jÿ¨gvÎvi A‡a©K Drcv`b m¤¢e wKbv †m wel‡q mskq i‡q‡Q| GK wnmv‡e †`Lv †M‡Q †dÂzMÄ mvi KviLvbv †_‡K w`‡b cÖvq 100 †gwUªK Ub Drcv`b n‡”Q| wba©vwiZ jÿ¨vgvÎvq Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ KviLvbv‡K Av‡Mi Ae¯’vq wdwi‡q wb‡Z LiP n‡e Kgc‡ÿ 64 †KvwU UvKv| GQvov †dÂzM‡Ä kvnRvjvj bv‡g GKwU bZzb mvi KviLvbv ¯’vc‡bi D‡`¨vM †bqv n‡q‡Q| m~Î Rvbvq, MZ eQ‡ii b‡f¤^i gv‡m KviLvbvi BDwiqv cø¨v‡›U hvwš¿K ÎæwU aiv c‡o| GKB m‡½ bó n‡q hvq G¨v‡gvwbqv cø¨v‡›Ui GKwU †gwkb| d‡j mvi Drcv`b wewNœZ nq| KviLvbvwU `„k¨Z GLb Pj‡Q †RvovZvwj w`‡q| evwl©K GK jvL Qq nvRvi †gwUªK Ub BDwiqv, 65 nvRvi †gwUªK Ub G¨v‡gvwbqv Ges 36 †gMvIqvU we`y¨r Drcv`b Kivi ÿgZv wb‡q 1961 mv‡j Pvjy nq †dÂzMÄ mvi KviLvbv| cuvP eQi ci 1966 mv‡j KviLvbvq hy³ nq cwjw_b e¨v‡Mi Rb¨ GKwU cwjw_b cø¨v›U| eQ‡i 12 nvRvi †gwUªK Ub G¨v‡gvwbqv I 10 nvRvi †gwUªK Ub mvjwdDwiK GwmW Drcv`‡bi j‡ÿ¨ Av‡iv `yBwU cø¨v›U emv‡bv nq 1969 mv‡j| KviLvbvi wnmv‡e cÖ_gw`‡K Rbej wQj GK nvRvi 594 Rb| weMZ †RvU miKv‡ii mgq 2005 mv‡j Rbej Kwg‡q 905 Rb Kiv nq| eZ©gv‡b Rbej n‡”Q 679 Rb| G‡`i g‡a¨ kªwg‡Ki msL¨v 318, Kg©Pvwi 202 Ges Kg©KZ©v n‡”Qb 159 Rb| wZbwU cø¨v‡›U 12 K‡i 36 †gMvIqvU we`y¨r Drcv`b Kivi K_v| wKš‘ wZbwU eqjv‡ii cÖ‡Z¨KwUi K‡qj wjK nIqv‡Z we`y¨r Drcbœ n‡”Q 24 †gMvIqvU| we`y¨r wefv‡Mi mswkøó‡`i g‡Z, cÖwZwU eqjv‡ii K‡qj ˆZix, UvievB‡bi †ivUvi †eøW cwieZ©b I Acivci hš¿cvwZ cwieZ©bmn ms¯‹vi Kiv n‡j we`y¨r Drcv`b 36 †gMvIqvU Kiv m¤¢e n‡e| GKw`‡K we`y¨r Drcv`b nªvm Ges Ab¨w`‡K †gwkbcÎ cÖvq RivRxb© nIqvq mvi Drcv`b wewNœZ n‡”Q| G‡Z K‡i Gevi Drcv`‡bi jÿ¨gvÎ AwR©Z n‡e bv| †`‡k BDwiqv mv‡ii Pvwn`v n‡”Q evwl©K 28 jvL †gwUªK Ub| †dÂzMÄmn QqwU KviLvbvi Drcv`b ÿgZv 18 jvL †gwUªK Ub| GK Ub mvi Drcv`‡bi LiP n‡”Q cÖvq 10 nvRvi UvKv| NvUwZ c~i‡bi Rb¨ we‡`k †_‡K cÖwZ Ub mvi Avg`vbx Ki‡Z nq 30 nvRvi UvKvq| wKš‘ †dÂzM‡Äi eZ©gvb Ae¯’vq Drcv`b PjwZ A_© eQ‡i 18 jvL †gwUªK U‡bi wb‡P †b‡g hv‡e| †dÂzMÄ mvi KviLvbvi Kv‡QB kvnRvjvj mvi KviLvbv ¯’vc‡bi cwiKíbv †bqv n‡q‡Q| wewmAvBwmÕi g‡Z, bZzb mvi KviLvbv ¯’vcb K‡i Drcv`‡b †h‡Z †h mg‡qi cÖ‡qvRb †m ch©šÍ †dÂzMÄ mvi KviLvbv mPj ivL‡Z 64 †KvwU UvKv e¨q n‡e| hw` A_© cvIqv hvq Zvn‡j †gwkbcÎ bZzb K‡i emv‡bv I we`y¨r cø¨v›U ms¯‹vi Ki‡Z cÖvq GK eQi mgq †b‡e| m~Î Rvbvq, †dÂzMÄ mvi KviLvbv wi-g‡Wwjs Kivi Rb¨ 64 †KvwU UvKvi cÖKíwU wcÖ-GK‡b‡K Aby‡gv`b †c‡q‡Q| GK‡b‡K Aby‡gvw`Z n‡j wi-g‡Wwjs Kv‡R nvZ †`qv hv‡e|
dLiæj Bmjvg, wm‡jU Awdm
†kªvZv‡`i Dcw¯’wZ‡Z wm‡jU †eZvi †_‡K ÔMi‡ei evsjv‡`kÕ mivmwi m¤úÖPvi
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wm‡jU Awdm
QvZ‡K `yB e„wU‡ki Mí I cÖvPxb wb`k©b
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wm‡jU Awdm
cwienb msK‡Ui Mu¨vovK‡j kvnRvjvj wek¦we`¨vjq
cÖwZ 1600 QvÎ-QvÎxi Rb¨ GKwU evm !
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ZvnwRe nvmvb, kvnRvjvj
†Ljvayjv : wm‡j‡Ui µxov½b DrmegyLi wcwQ‡q †bB cÖgxjvivI
wm‡j‡Ui µxov½b GLb DrmegyLi| Ggb K‡i Av‡M KL‡bv wm‡j‡Ui µxov½b‡K †`Lv hvqwb| gnvbMix †_‡K ïiæ K‡i cÖZ¨šÍ A‡j wµ‡KU-dzUej GB `yBwU †Ljv †hb cÖwZ‡hvwMZv K‡i Pj‡Q| kx‡Zi cÖ_g †_‡KB ïiæ n‡q‡Q e¨vWwg›Ub, fwjej, Avi RvZxq †Ljv KvevwW| cyiv‡bv HwZn¨ wdwi‡q Avb‡Z ïiæ n‡”Q nwK Uzbv©‡g›U| cÖgxjviv N‡ii evB‡i cv †d‡j gv‡V| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ Pj‡Q e¨vU e‡ji jovB| Iqvb B‡j‡fb wm‡jUevmxi AnsKvi iYwRr`vm‡K RvZxq µxov cyi¯‹vi G‡b w`‡q‡Q| GB cyi¯‹v‡ii Rb¨ `xN©w`b A‡cÿvq wQj wm‡j‡Ui µxov‡cÖgxiv|
µxov½‡b wWGmG Ges K¬ve Kg©KZ©v‡`i †Kv›`‡j `xN© mvZ eQi eÜ wQj ¯’vbxq dzUe‡ji †miv Avmi cÖ_g wefvM jxM| wØZxq wefvM wbqwgZ n‡jI †mwU wQj bvggvÎ| GeviB wWGmGÕi msMVKiv cÖkvm‡bi AvšÍwiKZvq mvZ eQ‡ii Ø›Ø wbim‡bi d‡j gv‡V Mwo‡q‡Q cÖ_g wefvM dzUej jxM| Gi mdj mgvwß nq MZ eQ‡ii b‡f¤^‡i| dzUe‡j cÖvwß _vK‡jI MZ eQi wµ‡K‡Ui †Kvb wWwfk‡bB †Ljv nqwb| wµ‡K‡Ui RvZxq ch©v‡q GK m‡½ 3 †_‡K 4 Rb †Lj‡jI K‡qK eQi a‡i Avi bZzb gyL †ei nqwb| RvZxq jx‡Mi wµ‡KU jx‡Mi AvKl©Y nvwmeyj †nv‡mb kvšÍ, ivRxb mv‡jn, AjK Kvcvwj Zvcm Kzgvi ˆel¨, Gbvgyj nK Rywbqi Zv‡`i bv‡gi cÖwZ mywePvi Ki‡Z bv cvivq Pvi w`b Ges GKw`‡bi g¨v‡P mvdj¨ cvqwb wm‡jU| wm‡jU wefvMxq wµ‡KU `‡ji g¨v‡bRvi cvcjy `‡Ëi g‡Z, †nvg MÖvDÛ myweav bv _vKv Ges ZviKiv wµ‡KUvi‡`i wbqwgZ mvwf©m bv cvIqv‡Z wm‡j‡U wµ‡KU G¸‡Z cvi‡Qbv| Ab¨w`‡K `yB eQi ci GB †deªæqvwi‡Z cÖ_g wefvM jxM gv‡V Mov‡bvi K_v i‡q‡Q| nwKi Rb¨ Ry¤§b jymvB, ivgv jymvB‡`i DËimyixi mÜv‡b ïiæ n‡q‡Q cÖwZfv A‡bœlb| ¯‹zj wfwËK nwK jx‡Mi hvÎvj‡Mœ mevi mn‡hvwMZv PvB‡jb nwK m¤úv`K Avkivdzj Iqvwn` `yjvj| GQvov wWGmGÕi cÖ‡Póvq bq, ¯’vbxq A‡j wewfbœ µxov msN I e¨w³i D‡`¨v‡M cÖZ¨šÍ A‡j Pj‡Q dzUej, wµ‡KU, e¨vWwg›Ub I KvevwW Uzb©v‡g›U| Z‡e gvV mgm¨v GL‡bv µxovi cÖavb AšÍivq| †Rjv †÷wWqv‡g GKB m‡½ dzUej wµ‡KU Pvjy ivLv hvq bv| G‡Z K‡i wµ‡KU †Ljv n‡j dzUejvi‡`i _vK‡Z nq `k©‡Ki f~wgKvq| D‡Øva‡bi cÖvq †`o eQi AwZevwnZ n‡jI GL‡bv cwic~Y©Zv cvqwb wefvMxq †÷wWqv‡g| jv°vZzivq Aew¯’Z AvqZ‡bi w`K †_‡K me‡P‡q eo †÷wWqvg †Ljvi Dc‡hvMx n‡jB wµ‡KU cv‡e Zvi ¯’vqx wVKvbv| AvšÍR©vwZK gv‡bi myweavmn G †÷wWqv‡gi wbg©vb KvR Pj‡Q| ¯’vbxq µxov½‡bi Av‡iK PgK we‡KGmwci AvÂwjK cÖwkÿY †K›`ª D‡Øvab n‡Z cv‡i PjwZ eQ‡iB| µxov½‡bi eZ©gvb Ae¯’v m¤ú‡K© wWGmGi mvavib m¤úv`K L›`Kvi dRjyi ingvb eveyj Rvbv‡jb, Av‡Mi †P‡q GwM‡q hv‡”Q †`‡ki µxov½b| wm‡jU †Kb wcwQ‡q _vK‡e| ¯^v` I mv‡a¨i g‡a¨ †Póv Pj‡Q me B‡f‡›U cÖvY¨PvÂj¨ Avbvi| wZwb dzUej, wµ‡KU, nwK, †Uwbmmn Ab¨vb †Ljvq mvdj¨ Avbvi Rb¨ wZwb mevi mn‡hvwMZv Kvgbv K‡ib|
wmwÏKzi ingvb mygb
wm‡jU Awdm
mybvgMÄ-wm‡jU mo‡Ki weª‡R Mvwo DV‡j Avjøvn ej‡Z nq
mybvgM‡Äi GMv‡iv Dc‡Rjvi g‡a¨ AvUwUi m‡½ †Rjv m`‡ii moK †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v †bB| Aci wZbwU Dc‡Rjvi m‡½ †hvMv‡hvM _vK‡jI 25 wK‡jvwgUvi †h‡Z Nyi‡Z nq 58 wK‡jvwgUvi| †Lv` †Rjv m`‡ii m‡½ wefvMxq kni wm‡j‡Ui iv¯Ív wVK nqwb †`k ¯^vaxb nIqvi 36 eQ‡iI| A_P GwU mybvgMÄevmxi cÖv‡Yi `vwe|
mybvgMÄ-wm‡jU moKwU nIqvq `yÕwU Mvwo‡K cvk †K‡U †h‡Z nq SuywK wb‡q| iv¯Ívi †P‡q †ewk miæ cy‡iv‡bv †eBwj †mZz¸‡jv| Avi KZ©„cÿ †mZz¸‡jvi cv‡k Ômiæ †mZzÕ mveavb mvBb‡evW© Szwj‡q eo `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i‡Q| GKwU evm †mZz cvi nIqvi mgq Aciw`‡K Av‡iKwU evm A‡cÿvq _v‡K| GKwU †mZz A‡a©K Kswµ‡Ui A‡a©K †eBwj| mswkøó `ßi †_‡K Rvbv †M‡Q, mybvgMÄ-wm‡jU mo‡K 14wU †mZz SzuwKc~Y©| G¸‡jv n‡jv gwjøKcyi, †PKwbKviv, RvwbMvuI, Avnmvbgviv, RqKjm, gb‡eM, RvDqv, ˆKZK, †PPvb, ivDwj, †evKvifv½v, Rvjvjcyi, ZwKcyi I †Mvwe›`MÄ †mZz| Gig‡a¨ †Mvwe›`MÄ, dqKjm, gb‡eM I RvDqv me‡Pq †ewk SzuwKc~Y©|
Awek¦vm¨ n‡jI mwZ¨ RqKjm †mZzi KvR mvZ eQi a‡i Pj‡Q| GB †mZzi weKí c_ wnmv‡e GKwU †eBwj †mZz wbg©vY Kiv n‡q‡Q, hvi Ici w`‡q †Kv‡bv iK‡g Mvwo PjvPj Ki‡Q| weKí iv¯Ív D‡Øvab K‡iwQ‡jb GKRb mv‡eK gš¿x| GB mo‡K wbqwgZ evm Pvjvb Kvnvi wgqv| wZwb e‡jb, Ôiv¯Ív Lviv‡ci jvwM mgq †ewk jv‡M| iv¯Ív fv‡jv AB‡j GK N›Uvq wm‡j‡U hvIqv hvBZ, †mLv‡b `yB †_‡K AvovB N›Uv jv‡M| Avi eªxR¸‡jvi †h Ae¯’v! Mvwo eªx‡R DV‡j g‡b g‡b Avjøvn Avjøvn KwiÕ| †Rjvi evm-wgwbevm-gvB‡µvevm gvwjK mwgwZi †bZv gvngy` Rvbvb, Ôiv¯Ív Lvivc nIqvi Kvi‡Y fvj‡fvi evm PjvPj K‡ibv| ev‡mi wcÖs‡mU wZb gvm
cici cwieZ©b Ki‡Z nq| ¯^vfvweK iv¯Ívq G¸‡jv GK eQi P‡jÕ| †Rjv moK cwienb kªwgK BDwbq‡bi mfvcwZ Avãyj gwZb e‡jb, ÔAvgiv me miKv‡ii Kv‡QB mybvgMÄ-wm‡jU moKwU ms¯‹v‡ii `vwe Rvwb‡qwQ| Avk¦vm †`qv n‡jI †Kv‡bv dj nqwb| Avk¦v‡mi g‡a¨ †RvovZvwj Qvov Avi wKQzB cvIqv hvqwb| GB mgm¨v ïay hvÎx‡`i bq, kªwgK‡`iIÕ|
µxov msMVK cvi‡fR Avn‡g` †PŠayix e‡jb, wm‡jU-mybvgMÄ mo‡Ki 68 wK‡jvwgUvi ms¯‹vi nq wfbœ Kvq`vq| wm‡jU †_‡K A‡a©K Ask ms¯‹vi nq| Gi †ek wKQzw`b ci mybvgM‡Äi A‡a©K As‡k KvR ïiæ nq| wKš‘ KvR †kl n‡Z bv n‡ZB ms¯‹vi Kiv Av‡Mi Ask †kl PjvP‡ji Abyc‡hvMx n‡q c‡o| mšÍvb‡`i cov‡kvbv I e¨emvwqK Kvi‡Y mybvgM‡Äi A‡bK cwievi‡K wm‡j‡U wbqwgZ hvZvqZ Ki‡Z nq| Avevi GB c_Qvov ivRavbx‡Z hvIqvi †Kvb weKí moK †bB| ZvQvov me †mZzi ms‡hvM¯’‡j gvwU †bB| mo‡Ki g‡a¨B e‡m nvUevRvi| RvDqv cvi n‡ZB AvaN›Uv| mßv‡ni `yB w`b RvDqv cvi n‡Z Kgc‡ÿ GK N›Uv †j‡M hvq|
mybvgMÄ gyw³hy× PP©v I M‡elYv †K‡›`ªi AvnevqK GW‡fv‡KU eRjyj gwR` †PŠayix Lmiæ e‡jb, Ôgyw³hy‡×i mgq wm‡jU †_‡K mybvgMÄ wew”Qbœ Kivi Rb¨ Avgiv (†hv×viv) RvDqv evRvi †mZzwU aŸsm K‡i w`B| †`k ¯^vaxb nIqvi ci ZwoNwo K‡i †mLv‡b GKwU †eBwj †mZz wbg©vY K‡i †hvMv‡hvM ¯’vcb Kiv nq| †mB †mZz w`‡qB P‡j hvq 34 eQi| G‡Kev‡i SzuwKc~Y© n‡q covq †mLv‡b †di †Kv‡bv iK‡g cvk w`‡q Av‡iKwU †eBwj †mZz wbg©vY Kiv n‡q‡Q| ZeyI RvDqv‡Z nqwb ¯’vqx †mZz|
†Rjv moK I Rbc_ Awa`߇ii wbe©vnx cÖ‡KŠkjx †gvt †Mvjvg ingvb Rvbvb, mybvgMÄ-wm‡jU mo‡Ki 14wU SzuwKc~Y© †mZz cybtwbg©v‡Yi †Póv Pj‡Q| GRb¨ miKv‡ii cÿ †_‡K RvcvbwfwËK mnvqZv ms¯’v RBKvi m‡½ Av‡jvPbv n‡”Q| Avi wek¦e¨vs‡Ki GKwU cÖK‡íi AvIZvq moKwU wbg©v‡Yi KvR PjwZ eQ‡i bq, AvMvgx eQ‡i ïiæ n‡Z cv‡i|
mybvgMÄ msev``vZv
nhiZ kvnRvjvj (int)Õi c~Y¨¯§„wZ weRwoZ wm‡jU
mvwi mvwi wUjv-cvnvo, G‡K‡e‡K e‡q Pjv b`x Avi mey‡Ri MvwjPv weQv‡bv wm‡jU c~Y¨v_©x‡`i Kv‡Q we‡kl GK Abyf~wZi bMix| 360 AvDwjqv‡K wb‡q GB gvwU‡ZB †h ï‡q Av‡Qb nhiZ kvnRvjvj (int) gyRvii‡` B‡q‡gbx| GB mvaK cyiæ‡li Kvi‡YB wm‡jU Av‡jvwKZ-m¤§vwbZ| wm‡jU †c‡q‡Q Ava¨vwZ¥K ivRavbxi gh©v`v| bvbv ag©-e‡Y©i gvbyl cÖwZw`b cÖwZÿYB Zuvi cÖwZ kª×v fvjevmvi cÖKvk NUvq nhiZ kvnRvjvj (int)Õi `iMvn cÖv½‡Y G‡m| †KD bvgvR c‡ob, †KD †RqviZ K‡ib, †KD ev gvbZ †`b|
wKse`šÍx Av‡Q, Rvqbvgv‡R cvwo w`‡q nhiZ kvnRvjvj (int) I Zvi mdim½x 360 AvDwjqv myigv b`xi `wÿY cvo †_‡K DËi cv‡o Av‡mb| PZz`©k kZvãxi cÖ_gfv‡M wZwb †hw`b wm‡j‡Ui gvwU‡Z cv iv‡Lb AvRv‡bi aŸwb‡Z †mw`b AZ¨vPvix ivRv †MŠo †Mvwe‡›`i cÖvmv` †f‡½ Lvb Lvb n‡q c‡owQj| wZwb wbcxwoZ-Amnvq gvbyl‡K cig ggZvq Kv‡Q †W‡K wb‡qwQ‡jb|
nhiZ kvnRvjvj (int)Õi cy‡iv bvg †kL-Dj gvkv‡qL gL`yg web gyn¤§`| wZwb Zzi‡¯‹i Kzwbqv kn‡i Rb¥ MÖnY K‡ib| Zvi wcZvi bvg gyn¤§`| Lye †QvU‡ejvq wcZvi g„Zz¨ NU‡j nhiZ kvnRvjvj (int) gvgv ˆmq` Avng` Kwe‡ii Kv‡QB eo nb| GKw`b ˆmq` Avng` Kwei Zuv‡K GK gy‡Vv gvwU w`‡q e‡jwQ‡jb, †h ¯’v‡bi gvwUi mv‡_ GB gvwUi eY©-M‡Üi wgj _vK‡e †mLv‡b wZwb ¯’vqxfv‡e Avevm Mo‡eb| Zvici gvgvi †`qv gvwUi mv‡_ kvnRvjvj (int) wgj Ly‡uR †c‡jb wm‡j‡Ui gvwUi|
wm‡j‡Ui AvKv‡k Av‡Rv †h KeyZi Wvbv SvcwU‡q D‡o †eovq Zv wbRvgDwÏb AvDwjqvi Dcnvi| nhiZ kvnRvjvj (int) †K myigv i‡Oi GK †Rvov KeyZi Dcnvi w`‡qwQ‡jb wZwb †h¸‡jv GLb ÔRvjvjx KBZiÕ bvg wb‡q †eu‡P Av‡Q| G iKg Av‡iv AmsL¨ ¯§„wZwPý, wKse`šÍx, BwZnv‡mi mvÿx n‡q Av‡Q nhiZ kvnRvjvj (int)Õi `iMvn, †mB mv‡_ wm‡jUI|
dLiæj Bmjvg
cÖm½ t KvÂbKb¨v wm‡jU w`jIqvi
cÖqvZ gvwK©b †cÖwm‡W›U Rb Gd †K‡bwWÕi (1917-1963) GKwU e³e¨ w`‡q Avgvi wKQz we‡kl K_v Zz‡j ai&‡ev| gvwK©b †cÖwm‡W‡›Ui K_v¸‡jv ¯^‡`k‡K›`ªxK n‡jI evsjv‡`‡ki bZzb cÖR‡¤§i R‡b¨ mgvb †cÖiYv`vqK e‡j g‡b Kwi| wZwb e‡jb-ÇAK AI KAyF G„Š B ~FN HF~FŠBKA„~ „G xFBEFŠIJA‡, K„ D„‡F NAKJ ~FN ‡Š„CxFyI B~E ~FN „‡‡„ŠKL~AKAFI G„Š KJFŠF AI B ~FN N„ŠxE K„ CF N„~.ÕÕ
hy³iv‡óªi Zzjbvq evsjv‡`k GKwU ÿz`ªKvq f~LÛ, m‡›`n †bB| wKš‘ m~h© cÖ`wÿYiZ c„w_ex bv‡gi MÖ‡ni Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask wn‡m‡e evsjv‡`k wbtm‡›`‡n GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© gvbef~wg| G Z_¨ Abymv‡i wePvi Ki‡j KvÂbKb¨v wm‡jUI evsjv‡`‡ki Awe‡”Q`¨ GK Ask|
¯^bvgL¨vZ ˆ`wbK B‡Ëdv‡Ki bMi m¤úv`K AvjgMxi †nv‡m‡bi cÿ †_‡K Avgv‡K Rvbv‡bv nq †h cwÎKv KZ©„cÿ wm‡jU welqK Z_¨vw` cÖKv‡ki GKwU c`‡ÿc wb‡q‡Qb Ges we‡kl GKwU bvgmn‡hv‡M cÖwZ mßv‡n GKevi msM„nxZ Z_¨mg~n cÖKvwkZ n‡e| GR‡b¨ GKwU bv‡gi cÖ‡qvRb| Avgv‡K Aby‡iva Kiv nq wZbwU bvg cÖ`v‡bi R‡b¨, hv †_‡K GKwU bvg g‡bvbxZ Kiv n‡e| cÖ`Ë bvgÎqxi g‡a¨ ÔKvÂbKb¨v wm‡jUÕ-†KB Zviv g‡bvbxZ K‡i‡Qb| GLb Avgv‡K ej&‡Z n‡e, †K‡bv Avwg wm‡jU‡K KvÂbKb¨v wn‡m‡e AwfwnZ Ki&jvg|
KvÂb gv‡b †mvbv| GKwU AwZ g~j¨evb avZz| ZvB eywS we‡k¦i gv‡qiv †Qv‡Uv †Qv‡Uv †Q‡j‡g‡q‡`i‡K Ô†mvbvgwbÕ-Ô†mvbvhv`yÕ ej&‡Z Avnjv‡` AvULvbv nb!
cÖK…wZi †Pv‡L, ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wZK BwZnv‡mi Av‡jv‡K wm‡jU Aek¨B GK KvÂbKb¨v| †mvbvi †g‡q| G K_vi mZ¨Zv hvPvB Ki‡Z n‡j cvVKeM©‡K cÖvgvY¨ BwZnv‡mi mÜvbx n‡Z n‡e| G R‡b¨ Avwg KwZcq BwZnvmMÖ‡š’i bvg †jLvwUi m‡½ mshy³ K‡i w`jvg|
1. e„nËi wm‡j‡Ui BwZnvm cÖ_g I wØZxq LÛ, cÖKvkbvq-e„nËi wm‡jU BwZnvm cÖYqb cwil`| cÖKvkKvj-b‡f¤^i 1997 I Rvbyqvwi 2006|
2. wm‡jU t BwZnvm I HwZn¨, cÖKvkbvq-evsjv‡`k BwZnvm mwgwZ| cÖKvkKvj-RyjvB 1999| AviI Av‡Q Ôkªxn‡Æi BwZe„ËÕ (APz¨Z PiY †PŠayix) ÔmËi eQiÕ (wewcb P›`ª cvj) Ôwm‡j‡U BmjvgÕ (†`Iqvb †gvnv¤§` AvRid) Ôwm‡j‡Ui `yBkZ eQ‡ii Av‡›`vjbÕ (ZvRyj †gvnv¤§`) ÔnRiZ kvnRvjvj I wm‡j‡Ui BwZnvmÕ (ˆmq` †gvZ©vRv Avjx) FBIK ‡BwAIKB~ EAIKŠADK HBQFKKFFŠI IPxJFK (I.~.J.ŠAQMAF) Ôkªxn‡Æ wecøeev` I KwgDwbó Av‡›`vjb, ¯§„wZK_vÕ (PÂj kg©v) Ôwm‡j‡Ui gvwU, wm‡j‡Ui gvbylÕ (dRjyi ingvb) Ô¯§„wZ I cÖZxwZÕ (eª‡R›`ª bvivqY †PŠayix) ÔkªxnÆ cwiPqÕ (i‡Y›`ª bv_ †`e) ÔkªxnÆ cÖwZfvÕ (b‡i›`ª Kzgvi ¸ß) Ôwm‡j‡U fvlv Av‡›`vjb I cwi‡ekÕ (GGBP mv`Z Lvb) Ôevsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy× I me©vwabvqK ImgvbxÕ (†gv. Avãyj AvwRR) Ôc~e©evsjvi fvlv Av‡›`vjb I ZrKvjxb ivRbxwZÕ (e`iæÏxb Igi) Ôwm‡jU K_vÕ (K…ò Kzgvi cvj †PŠayix m¤úvw`Z) Ges Ab¨vb¨ MÖš’|
wm‡j‡Ui kZvwaK Pv evMvb, M¨vmwdì, wek¦e¨vcx wm‡jUx cÖevmx‡`i wgwjIb-wgwjIb Wjvi AR©b BZ¨vw` A_©en welq¸wj wbi‡cÿ wePvi-we‡ePbvq wb‡q G‡j ÔKvÂbKb¨v wm‡jUÕ Kíbvq RxešÍ n‡q DV‡e| ZLb wbi‡cÿ wePvi eyw×i myax e¨w³MY ej‡Z eva¨ n‡eb-jÿx wm‡jU, Zzwg e‡ov `ytwLbx| eû KwVb PovB-DrivB cvi n‡q G‡m‡Qv Zzwg| K‚UbxwZi ivR‰bwZK D‡Ïk¨ PwiZv‡_©i R‡b¨ †Zvgvi A½nvwb Kiv nq| Zvic‡iI Zzwg †hb †Zvgvi †mŠ›`h©, †gav I Hk¦‡h©i R‡b¨ GKwU cÖev‡`i wkKvi n‡q Av‡Qv| †mB cÖev` e‡j-AwZ e‡ov NiYx bv cvq Ni, ÔAwZ e‡ov my›`ix bv cvq ei|Õ
wm‡j‡Ui R‡b¨ e‡ov †ekx cÖ‡qvRb, GK`j K‡Vvi Av`k©wbô I `ÿ cwiKíbv MÖnYKvix e¨w³i| G‡`i AK¬všÍ cÖ‡Póvq wm‡jU †MvUv evsjv‡`‡ki †cÖiYv n‡q DV‡e| Avgv‡`i g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e, mZZvi †Kv‡bv weKí †bB| †iv`-e„wó, Av‡jv-evZvm, gvwU, e„ÿjZv-hv wKQz †KvwU †KvwU eQi c‡iI we`¨gvb Av‡Q, Zv‡`i †Mvovi kw³i bvg-mZZv| mÜvbx mZ¨wbô gvby‡li c‡ÿ Amva¨ wKQz †bB| Qq-mvZ †KvwU eQi Av‡MKvi WvB‡bvmi‡`i Qwo‡q-wQwU‡q _vKv nvo¸o msMÖn Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Kiv n‡”Q| B‡Zvg‡a¨ `ywbqvi gvbyl †c‡q †M‡Q, nvo¸‡o mvwR‡q †Zvjv AwZ we¯§qKi WvB‡bvm‡ii RMr| `~i g„Z AZxZ hw` wfbœ gvÎvq Rxeb jvf Ki&‡Z cv‡i, Avgiv RxweZ _vKv Ae¯’vq †Kv‡bv Zi½nxb giv b`xi Kv`vq Mov Mwo Lv‡ev? Avgiv †h- †Kv‡bv g~‡j¨ †eu‡P _vKvi mKj KjsK †gvPb Ki&‡ev| A½xKvi †nvK wPivqZ|
†jLK: w`jIqvi, MYgvby‡li Kwe
Avev‡iv kvi`vi g‡Â em‡e cÖv‡Yi †gjv
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ïé †÷k‡b mv¤úÖwZKKv‡j wkï kªwg‡Ki msL¨v AvksKvRbK nv‡i e„w× †c‡q‡Q| †÷kb GjvKvi cywjk duvwoi Ae¯’v G‡Kev‡iB LyeB| †bB †Kvb KwgDwbwU we`¨vjq wKsev ¯^v¯’¨‡K›`ª| m¨vwb‡Ukb e¨e¯’vI †Zgb fv‡jv bq| GjvKvq e¨vs‡Ki ˆe‡`wkK evwYR¨ kvLv †bB| d‡j Kqjv e¨emvqx‡`i †Rjv kn‡ii e¨vs¸‡jv‡ZB Gjwm Lyj‡Z nq| †jb‡`‡bi †ÿ‡ÎI †fvMvwšÍ †cvnv‡Z nq Ggb K_v e‡j‡Qb e¨emvqxiv| Zv‡`i g‡Z, e¨vs‡Ki kvLv _vK‡j Avg`vbxKviK‡`i msL¨v eZ©gv‡bi †P‡q wظY n‡e|
GKwU m~Î Rvbvq, fviZ †_‡K cÖwZ Ub Kqjv 46 gvwK©b Wjv‡i µq Ki‡jI evsjv‡`‡k wb‡q Avmvi ci `vg c‡o Ub cÖwZ 48 Wjvi| cÖwZw`b fviZ †_‡K cÖvq GK nvRvi Ub Kqjv wb‡q kZvwaK UªvK evsjv‡`‡k cÖ‡ek K‡i| Kv÷gm Kg©KZ©viv Rvbvb, PjwZ A_© eQ‡ii Qq gv‡m m~ZviKvw›` k~é †÷kb †_‡K miKvi bq †KvwU 26 jvL 99 nvRvi UvKv ivR¯^ Avq n‡q‡Q| PjwZ eQ‡ii Rvbyqvwii cÖ_g `yB mßvn Kqjv Avg`vwb eÜ wQj| evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq wm×všÍ †bqvi ciB 15 Rvbyqvwi ïé †÷kbwU †di Ly‡j †`qv n‡j Kqjv e¨emvi mv‡_ mswkøó‡`i g‡a¨ ¯^w¯Í wd‡i Av‡m|
wm‡jU Awdm/weqvbxevRvi †_‡K msev``vZv
nweM‡Ä myjZvbx Avg‡ji ksKicvkv kvnx gmwR` Ac~e© ¯’vcZ¨ wb`©kb
|| gbmyiDwÏb Avn‡g`, nweMÄ msev``vZv ||
evsjv‡`‡k myjZvbx Avg‡ji Ac~e© ¯’vcZ¨ wb`k©b¸‡jvi Ab¨Zg nweMÄ †Rjvi DPvBj MÖv‡gi ksKicvkv kvnx gmwR`| †Rjvi ivwRDov BDwbq‡bi DPvBj MÖv‡g 6 GKi we¯Í„Z f‚wg‡Z GKwU wUjvi Dci GB gmwR` Aew¯’Z| nRiZ kvnRvjvj (ivt) Gi wm‡jU weR‡qi ci Zvi †h 12 Rb mnKgx©‡K Zid A‡j mvgwiK Awfhvb cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ †cÖiY K‡ib Zv‡`i Ab¨Zg wQ‡jb kvn gRwjk Avgxb (it)| wZwbB GLv‡b cÖ_g gmwR` ¯’vcb K‡ib| cieZx©‡Z gymwjg evsjvi ¯^bvgab¨ kvmbKZ©v myjZvb AvjvDwÏb †nvmvBb kv‡ni (1493-1519) Avg‡j GB gmwR‡`i my`„k¨ BgviZwU wbg©vY Kiv nq| BgviZwU ˆ`‡N©¨ 21 dzU 6 Bw Ges cÖ‡¯’I mgvb gv‡ci| eviv›`v 5 dzU 3 BwÂ| g~j fe‡bi Dci GKwU eo M¤^yR Ges eviv›`vi Dci A‡cÿvK…Z †QvU wZbwU M¤^yR| `iRv-Rvbvjvi msL¨v †gvU 14wU| Rvbvjv¸‡jv A‡bKUvB `iRv AvK…wZi| wZbw`‡Ki †`qv‡ji cyiæZ¡ cÖvq 5 dzU| cwðgw`‡Ki †`qv‡ji cyiæZ¡ cÖvq wظY| mvg‡bi cÖvPx‡ii Kvwb©k I Dc‡ii Qv` wbwg©Z n‡q‡Q euvKv‡bvfv‡e| cÖavb K‡ÿi Pvi‡Kv‡Y Avi eviv›`vi `yB †Kv‡Y †gvU 6wU KviæKvh© †kvwfZ ¯Í¤¢ i‡q‡Q| myjZvbx Avg‡ji ¯’vcZ¨ixwZ c~Y©v½ iƒ‡cB cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q GB Bgvi‡Z| Bgvi‡Z DbœZgv‡bi †cvov BU †K‡U cÖ‡jcwenxb †`qv‡j †mu‡U ˆkwíK ˆewk‡ó¨ mylgvgwÛZ KviæKvh© mn‡RB `k©bv_x©‡`i `„wó AvKl©Y K‡i| †`qv‡ji evwni w`‡K B‡Ui Dci wewfbœ b·v, AjsKiY, wkjvwjwc Kv‡ji P‡µ webó n‡q †M‡Q| ¯’vcZ¨ ˆewk‡ó¨ Abb¨ GB gmwR` fe‡bi iw³g is mKj‡K we‡gvwnZ K‡i| gmwR‡`i `wÿY cv‡k¦© kvn gRwjk Avgxb (it) Gi gvRvi| cv‡kB eo `xwN| cÖwZw`bB wewfbœ ¯’vb †_‡K `k©bv_x©iv wewfbœ gvbZ wb‡q GLv‡b nvwRi nq| miKv‡ii cÖZœZË¡ wefvM GB cÖvPxb gmwR‡`i iÿYv‡eÿ‡Yi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡i‡Q ejv n‡jI G m¤úwK©Z †Kvb mvBb‡evW© gmwR` GjvKvq †bB|
evDj wkíx‡`i WvUv‡eR e„wUk †Kb Gw›Uª Ki‡e? mwgwZi ˆeV‡K cÖevmxi e³e¨ wb‡q Am‡šÍvl
wkíx‡`i WvUv‡eR Gw›Uª m¤úwK©Z e³‡e¨i †cÖwÿ‡Z evDj Kj¨vY mwgwZ wm‡jU wefv‡Mi GK Riæwi mfv MZ 29 Rvbyqvwi mwgwZi A¯’vqx Kvh©vj‡q AbywôZ nq| mfvq e³viv MZ 24 Rvbyqvwi XvKv¯’ e„wUk nvB Kwgkvbvi Av‡bvqvi †PŠayixi evmfe‡b GK Abyôv‡b hy³ivR¨ cÖevmx I kvcjv Bqy_ †dv‡m©i †Pqvig¨vb wgqv AvKZvi †nv‡mb Qvbyi †`Iqv e³‡e¨i Zxeª cÖwZev` Rvbvb| mwgwZi mfvcwZ evDj Avãyj nvwg` Rvjvjxi mfvcwZ‡Z¡ mfvq e³e¨ iv‡Lb mgš^qKvix wbg©vZv Kvgvj DwÏb iv‡mj| mwgwZi †bZ…e„›` e‡jb, e„wUk nvB Kwgkbv‡ii mvg‡b wgqv AvKZvi †nv‡mb Qvby †h e³e¨ w`‡q‡Qb Zv e„nËi wm‡jU Z_v evsjv‡`‡ki wkíx‡`i fveg~wZ© ÿzYœ K‡i‡Q| Qvby wgqv cÖ¯Íve w`‡jI e„wUk nvBKwgkb evsjv‡`kx wkíx‡`i WvUv‡eR Gw›Uª Kivi AwaKvi iv‡L bv| cÖ‡qvR‡b e„wUk nvBKwgkb Zvi miKv‡ii gva¨‡g hy³ivR¨ cÖevmx evsjv‡`kx cÖ‡gvUi‡`i e¨vcv‡i Z`šÍ c~e©K WvUv‡eR Gw›Uª Ki‡Z cv‡i| KviY †Kv‡bv bv †Kv‡bv cÖ‡gvU‡ii gva¨‡g wm‡jU Z_v evsjv‡`‡ki wkíxiv hy³ivR¨ hvb| wKš‘ GK †kªYxi cÖ‡gvUi hy³iv‡R¨ Pvu`v Zz‡j Abyôvb K‡i evsjv‡`k †_‡K wkíx †bIqvi bv‡g Av`g cvPv‡i RwoZ i‡q‡Q| G‡`i Rb¨B evsjv‡`‡ki wkíx‡`i jjv‡U e`bvg Gu‡U †`qv n‡q‡Q| mfvq Ab¨v‡b¨i g‡a¨ Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb evDj wkíx jvj wgqv, D`vmx gywRe, AvdQvb DwÏb, cvwL wgqv, eveyj miKvi, ivby miKvi, Kwei kvn, i‡Yk VvKzi, wgbviv †eMg, wbD kvnvbv I Bby miKvi cÖgyL|
kªxg½‡j nvBj nvI‡i wej †m‡P gvQ aiv n‡”Q
|| kªxg½j msev``vZv ||
kªxg½‡ji nvBj nvI‡i A‰eafv‡e wej †m‡P gvQ aiv n‡”Q| grm¨ AvBb D‡cÿv K‡i GK‡kªYxi grm¨Rxex Øviv wej cvwbk~b¨ Kivi d‡j we‡ji †cvbv gvQwU ch©šÍ gviv co‡Q Ges RjR Dw™¢`¸j¥ DRvo n‡q hv‡”Q| GK †kªYxi Kg©KZ©v-Kg©Pvixi ÁvZmv‡iB n‡”Q e‡j Awf‡hvM cvIqv hvq|
grm¨ AvB‡b we‡ji m¤ú~Y© cvwb †m‡P gvQ aiv wbwl× Ges ïay Rvj †U‡b 9 BwÂi E‡aŸ© gvQ aivi wbqg| wKš‘ kxZ †gŠmyg G‡jB nvBj nvI‡ii †QvU-eo cÖvq Aa©kZ we‡ji A‡bK¸‡jvB grm¨Rxexiv m¤ú~Y© ïwK‡q †d‡j| Gi d‡j GKw`‡K †QvU AvKv‡ii gvQ †hgb gviv co‡Q Ab¨w`‡K cvwbi kvcjv-kvjyK-†kIjvmn wewfbœ RjR Dw™¢` ¸j¥ Ges kvgyK, wSbyK, KvKov cÖf…wZ cvwLi Lv`¨ webó n‡q hv‡”Q|
nvBj nvI‡i cv¤ú jvwM‡q A‰ea wej †mPv e‡Üi e¨vcv‡i grm¨ wefv‡Mi †Kvb D‡`¨vM †bB ej‡jB P‡j| Awf‡hvM cvIqv hvq ¯’vbxq grm¨ Awdm‡K g¨v‡bR K‡iB G A‰ea ZrciZv Pvjv‡bv nq| Z‡e Dc‡Rjv cÖkvm‡bi Kv‡Q Lei w`‡j Zviv gv‡S gv‡S Awfhvb Pvwj‡q cv¤ú †gwkb Rã K‡ib, wKš‘ `y-GKw`b weiwZi ci wej †mPv Avevi ïiæ n‡q hvq|
wm‡j‡U †K›`ªxq gymwjg mvwnZ¨ msm‡`i mfvq AvMvgx cÖRb¥‡K M‡o †Zvjvi `„ß A½xKvi
AvMvgx cÖRb¥‡K M‡o †Zvjvi Rb¨GLb †_‡KB KvR Ki‡Z n‡e| Ávb-PP©vi gva¨‡g wb‡R‡`i weKwkZ Kivi cvkvcvwk mg„× mgvR MV‡bi weKí †bB| bZzb cÖRb¥‡K M‡o †Zvjvi A½xKv‡ii ga¨w`‡q †`‡ki cÖvPxbZg mvwnZ¨ cÖwZôvb wm‡jU †K›`ªxq gymwjg mvwnZ¨ msm‡`i GKvËiZg evwl©K mvaviY mfv MZ 29 Rvbyqvwi knx` †mv‡jgvb n‡j AbywôZ n‡q‡Q|
†Kgymvm mfvcwZ Kwe ivwMe †nv‡mb †PŠayixi mfvcwZ‡Z¡ mfvq PjwZ eQ‡ii Rb¨ 25 jvL 71 nvRvi 641 UvKvi cÖ¯ÍvweZ ev‡RU Aby‡gv`b Kiv nq| wbqwgZ Kg©m~wPi cvkvcvwk †Kgymv‡m iwÿZ HwZnvwmK cÖZœZvwËK wb`©kb msiÿY, B›Uvi‡bU my‡hvM m¤úÖmviY, jvB‡eªwi‡K Kw¤úDUvivBRW Kivi Kg©m~wP †NvlYv Kiv nq|
ivwMe †nv‡mb †PŠayix e‡jb, c~e©m~ix‡`i †i‡L hvIqv HwZn¨ msiÿY Kivi Rb¨ †hgb cÖ‡Póv _vK‡e| AvaywbK cÖhyw³ e¨env‡ii gva¨‡g HwZ‡n¨i avivevwnKZvq mvwnZ¨ msm`‡K mg„w×i c‡_ GwM‡q †bIqvi †Póv Pvjvw”Q| ïay Avgviv Ki‡jB n‡ebv, GB cÖ‡Póvq mK‡ji AvšÍwiK mn‡hvwMZv cÖ‡qvRb| mvaviY m¤úv`K nviæby¾vgvb †PŠayix mvwnZ¨ msm‡`i MZ eQ‡ii Kvh©µg Zz‡j a‡ib| wZwb e‡jb, Avgiv wek¦vm Kwi mK‡ji mw¤§wjZ cÖ‡Póv‡ZB †Kgymvm‡K MwZkxj ivLv m¤¢e| mvwnZ¨ msm‡`i Kvh©µg‡K MwZkxj ivL‡Z mvwnZ¨ msm‡`i c„ô‡cvlK, AvRxeb m`m¨, mvaviY m`m¨, wcÖ›U I B‡j±«wbK wgwWqvi cÖwZwbwa, †Kgymvm Kg©KZ©v-Kg©Pvwimn mK‡ji cÖwZ K…ZÁZv cÖKvk K‡ib| mfvq Av‡jvPbvq Ask †bb GW‡fv‡KU Avdg Kvgvj, GW‡fv‡KU ˆmq` Avkivd †nv‡mb, GW‡fv‡KU Kqmi Avng`, †gvt Avãyj gywgb †PŠayix I GBPGg KvIQvi Avng`| mfvq mvwnZ¨ msm‡`i mv‡eK †Kvlva¨ÿ kªwgK †bZv gvneye Avjx, Kwe gwbbyj gDR`xb, Kwe kvwiK kvgmyj wKewiqv, RvZxq gmwR‡`i LwZe gvIjvbv Ievq`yj nK, gvIjvbv Avãyj jwZd †PŠayix dzjZjx, mv‡eK RvZxq msm` m`m¨ gvIjvbv Ievq`yj nK DwRicyix, wm‡jU Avwjqv gv`ªvmvi †gvnvwÏm gvIjvbv Avãym kvKz‡ii B‡šÍKv‡j †kvK cÖ¯Íve MÖnY Kiv nq| †kvK cÖ¯Íve cvV K‡ib †Kgymvm Kvh©Kix cwil` m`m¨ cÖfvlK evwmZ Be‡b nvwee| mvwnZ¨ msm‡`i Avq-e¨‡qi wnmve, evwl©K ev‡RU †ck K‡ib msm‡`i †Kvlva¨ÿ wcÖwÝcvj ˆmq` gywneyi ingvb| †Kgymvm mn-mvaviY m¤úv`K AvwRRyj nK gvwb‡Ki Dc¯’vcbvq 2006 mv‡ji evwl©K mvaviY mfvi Kvh©weeiYx cvV K‡ib mvwnZ¨ I ms¯‹…wZ m¤úv`K †mwjg AvDqvj| mfvi ïiæ‡Z †KviAvb †ZjvIqvZ K‡ib K¡vix Rvwg Avng`| mfvq wkÿvwe` Aa¨ÿ wmivR nK‡K †KgymvmÕi m`m¨ c` cÖ`vb Kiv nq| Aa¨ÿ wmivR n‡Ki cÿ †_‡K †µ÷ MÖnY K‡ib Zvi fv‡Mœ †gvt gywneyi ingvb| Abyôv‡b MZ eQ‡ii †miv cvVK wn‡m‡e cÖ_g †gvt AvdRvj Avng`, wØZxq Zvmwbqv wgRvb †PŠayix, Z„Zxq †gvt †gvRvnviæj Bmjvg Ges †Kgymvm eB‡gjvi ÷j cÖ`k©bx‡Z cÖ_g †Ww÷wb j¨v½y‡qR †m›Uvi, wØZxq ebmvB cÖKvkb I Z…Zxq †mœnjZv eyK Mv‡W©b‡K cyi¯‹vi cÖ`vb Kiv nq|
wm‡jU Awdm
gvaecy‡i cÖ‡gvU gwnjv †nv‡÷‡ji fwel¨r AwbwðZ
|| gvaecyi msev``vZv ||
gvaecyi Dc‡Rjv m`‡i cÖ‡gvU cÖK‡íi AvIZvq evsjv‡`k miKvi I BD‡ivwcqvb Kwgk‡bi A_©vq‡b Aa©wbwg©Z Ae¯’vq c‡o Av‡Q Dc‡Rjv cÖ‡gvU gwnjv wkwÿKv †nv‡÷jwU| †KDB Rv‡bb bv K‡e †kl n‡e G †nv‡÷‡ji KvR|
2004 mv‡j gvaecyi Dc‡Rjv miKvwi AvevwmK GjvKvq 3 nvRvi ¯‹qvi dz‡Ui wØZj gwnjv †nv‡÷‡ji KvR ïiæ nq| cÖv_wgK wbg©vY eivÏ wQj 28 jvL UvKv| D‡Ïk¨ wQj MÖv‡gi cÖZ¨šÍ GjvKvi gva¨wgK wkwÿKv‡`i Avevmb e¨e¯’v wbwðZ Kiv| wkÿv cÖ‡KŠkj wefv‡Mi GKRb cÖ‡KŠkjxi ZË¡veav‡b wKQyw`‡bi g‡a¨B GKZjvi mvBW Iqvj wbg©v‡Yi ci Avi KvR AvMvqwb| MZ 3 eQi a‡i G Ae¯’vq c‡o Av‡Q gwnjv †nv‡÷jwU| mswkøó Kg©KZ©vMY Rv‡bb bv KLb †kl n‡e gvaecyi Dc‡Rjv cÖ‡gvU gwnjv †nv‡÷‡ji wbg©vY KvR|
nvKvjywK GLb wbivc`, ZvB Iiv Suv‡K Suv‡K Ny‡i †eovq
†`‡ki e„nËg nvKvjywK nvIo cÖwZ‡ekMZ m¼Uvcbœ GjvKv (B‡KvjwRK¨vj wµwUK¨vj Gwiqv) wnmv‡e wPwýZ n‡jI PjwZ kxZ gImy‡g wewfbœ cÖRvwZi cvwLi KjKvKwj‡Z gyLwiZ n‡q I‡V‡Q| bvbv i‡Oi, Rv‡Zi ¯’vbxq I AwZw_ cvwL nvIo Lvj we‡j wS‡j SvuK †eu‡a D‡o †eovq| GB nvI‡o MZ gImy‡gi †P‡q Gevi cÖvq AvovB ¸Y †ewk cvwL G‡m‡Q c„w_exi wewfbœ †`k †_‡K| cvwL wkKvi †iva, RjR Dw™¢` †ivcb I cvwLi Afqvib¨ ˆZwii Kvi‡Y nvI‡o AwZw_ cvwLiv Avevi wd‡i Avm‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡Q e‡j we‡klÁiv avibv Ki‡Qb|
RjPi cvwL ïgvwi `j m~‡Î Rvbv †M‡Q, nvKvjywK nvI‡o PjwZ gImy‡g 41 cÖRvwZi GK jvL 26 nvRvi 851wU cvwL MYbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| PjwZ gImy‡g me‡P‡q †ewk msL¨vq 12 cÖRvwZi 66 nvRvi 508wU cvwL nvIi Lvj we‡j †`Lv †M‡Q| GQvov bv¸qv-aywjqv we‡j me‡P‡q †ewk 19 cÖRvwZi wZb nvRvi 239wU cvwL‡`i †`Lv wg‡j‡Q| nvKvjywK nvI‡o mvivwe‡k¦ ûgwKMÖ”P weij cÖRvwZi †eqv‡ii fywZnvum (†eqvim †cvPvW©) I †g‡U gv_v wUwU (†MÖ †n‡WW j¨vcDBs) cvwLi GeviB †`Lv †M‡Q| MZ gImy‡g nvKvjywK‡Z wQj 42 cÖRvwZi 51 nvRvi 528 cvwL| cwi‡ek Awa`߇ii ev”Pevqbvaxb DcK‚jxq I Rjvf~wg Rxe‰ewPΨ e¨e¯’vcbv cÖK‡íi D‡`¨v‡M MZ eQi 30 wW‡m¤^i nvKvjywK nvI‡o RjPi cvwLïgvwii †bZ…Z¡ †`b wewkó cvwL ch©‡eÿK W. Bbvg Avj nK|
GB kx‡Z nvKvjywK nvI‡oi PwKqv wej, nvIqv wej, dzU wej, wnsMvBRyi wej, wcsjv wej, weivwj Lvj, nvIo Lvjwej, Kvjvcvwb wej, †evqvjRyi wej, bv‡Mvqv-awjqv wej, Rvjøv wej, evwjRywi wej, cv‡jvfvsiv wej, PvZjv wej, bvgv Zzij wej, †dvqvjv wej I DRvb-Zzij GB 17wU we‡j cvwL‡`i wb‡q Rwic Pvjv‡bv n‡q‡Q| Rwic `j m~‡Î Rvbv †M‡Q, Gme we‡j wMwiqv nvum, bxjgv_v nvum, wcqs nvum, DËz‡i †jÄv nvum, DËz‡i LywšÍ nvum, gi‡Pis fywZnvum, BD‡iwkI wmw_ nvum, cvwZ wZwjnvum, wUwK nvumcvwZ fywZnvum, †eqv‡ii fywZnvum (2wU), Lqiv PKvPwK, ivR mivwj, cvwZ mivwj, Ambv³ nvum, †e¸wb Kv‡jg, eb evUvb, meyR evUvb, cvwZ meyR cv, cvwZ jvj cv, †g‡U gv_v wUwU (400wU), Kvjv gv_v MvOwPj, Ryjwd cvbwQj, cvwZ KzU, cvwZ evUvb, j¨vĨ †PMv, wej evUvb, †QvU b_wRwiqv, cÖkvšÍ †mvbv wRwiqv, eo †Lvcv Wyeywi, †QvU cvb‡KŠwo, eo cvb‡KŠwo, D`qx Mqvi, †`kx KvwbeK, Pxbv KvwbeK, aycwb eK, †MveK, eo eMv, gvSjv eMv I Gkxq kvg‡Lvj cvwLi †`Lv wg‡j‡Q|
Gwkqvi e„nËi nvKvjywK nvIowU cÖvq 40 nvRvi †n±i wb‡q Qov‡bv| †gŠjfxevRv‡ii KzjvDov, Ryox I eo‡jLv Ges wm‡j‡Ui †dÂzMÄ I †MvjvcMÄ GB cvuP Dc‡Rjvi 11wU BDwbqb wb‡q nvI‡oi GjvKv| nvKvjywK nvIo gv‡Qi Rb¨ A‡bK Av‡M †_‡KB weL¨vZ| kxZ G‡j AwZw_ cvwLi KjKvKwj‡Z cy‡iv nvIo GjvKv gyLi n‡q I‡V| Z‡e nvIo GjvKvq wej fivU nIqvq cvwb K‡g hvIqv, wnRj-Kimmn RjR Dw™¢` K‡g hvIqvq cvwLi Avkªq¯’j wecbœ, wel †Uvc, dvu` I e›`yK w`‡q cvwL wkKvimn wewfbœ Kvi‡Y cvwLi msL¨v K‡g AvmwQj| 2004 mv‡ji ïiæi w`‡K wel‡Uvc †L‡q K‡qK nvRvi AwZw_ cvwL gviv †M‡j welqwU †`‡k-we‡`‡k e¨vcK Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q|
1999 mv‡j cwi‡ek Awa`ßi †h mKj GjvKv‡K cÖwZ‡ekMZ m¼Uvcbœ GjvKv (B‡KvjwRK¨vwj wµwUK¨vj Gwiqv) †NvlYv K‡i nvKvjywK nvIo Zv‡`i g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg| cwi‡ek Awa`ßi m~‡Î Rvbv †M‡Q, BDGbwWwc-wRBGd Gi A_©vq‡b cwi‡ek Awa`߇ii DcK‚jxq I Rjvf~wg Rxe‰ewPΨ e¨e¯’vcbv cÖKí (wmWweøDweGgwc) ¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi mwµq AskMÖn‡bi gva¨‡g nvKvjywK nvI‡oi Rxe‰ewPΨ msiÿ‡bi j‡ÿ¨ KvR Ki‡Q|
BwmG (B‡KvjwRK¨vj wµwU‡Kj Gwiqv) Gi e¨e¯’vcbv Kg©KZ©v I DcK‚jxq I Rjvf~wg Rxe‰ewPÎ e¨e¯’vcbv cÖK‡íi mnKvwi cwiPvjK †gvnv¤§` wkejx mvsevw`K‡`i Rvbvb, cvwL‡`i Rb¨ Afqvkªg †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q| ZvQvov cÖPzi RjR Dw™¢` †ivcb Kiv n‡q‡Q| bjLvMovi eb m„Rb Kiv n‡q‡Q| GQvov cvwL wkKvi ev wel‡Uvc w`‡q cvwL nZ¨vi weiæ‡× ¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi mnvqZvq bvbvgyLx c`‡ÿ‡ci d‡j eZ©gv‡b nvKvjywK nvIo cvwL‡`i Afqvi‡Y¨ cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| d‡j PjwZ gImy‡g ¯’vbwU wbivc` †f‡e jÿ jÿ cvwL nvI‡o Avm‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡Q|
wm‡jU Awdm/†gŠjfxevRvi msev``vZv
RMbœv_cy‡i AwaKvsk cyKz‡i gvQ Pvl n‡”Q bv
|| RMbœv_cyi (mybvgMÄ) msev``vZv ||
ms¯‹vi I cwiKíbvi Afv‡e RMbœv_cyi Dc‡Rjvi 90 fvM cyKz‡i gvQ Pvl n‡”Q bv| miKv‡ii cyKzi¸‡jv µgvMZ cÖfvekvjx e¨w³‡`i gvwjKvbvaxb| MZ Aa© kZvwã‡Z Gme cyKzi ms®‹vi bv Kivq e¨env‡ii Abyc‡hvMx n‡q c‡o‡Q| A‡bK cyKz‡i cwj c‡o KPywicvbvi ¯Í~‡c fivU n‡q hvIqvq GLb ixwZgZ avb Pvl nq| Gme gRv cyKz‡ii g‡a¨ 60 fvM Awc©Z m¤úwËfz³, 25 fvM GRgvwj Ges 15 fvM e¨w³ gvwjKvbvaxb| RMbœv_cyi Dc‡Rjvq gvQ Pv‡l AvMÖnx e¨w³‡`i D‡`¨vM _vK‡jI cÖwkÿ‡Yi †Kvb e¨e¯’v bv _vKvq gvQ Pvl Kiv Kv‡iv c‡ÿ m¤¢e n‡”Q bv|
cÖK…wZ AbyK‚‡j n‡j mybvgM‡Ä Gevi†ev‡ivi ev¤úvi djb
wmW‡i Avgb dmj bó nIqvi Kvi‡Y Lv`¨ `ª‡e¨i `vg Rbmvavi‡Yi bvMv‡ji evB‡i P‡j †M‡Q| ZeyI †jvKRb Avm‡Q †ev‡iv dmj wb‡q GLb Avkvev`x n‡q D‡V‡Q| †`‡ki †h mKj †Rjvq †ev‡iv dmj Drcbœ nq Zvi g‡a¨ mybvgMÄ Ab¨Zg| K…lK †ev‡iv dmj fvjfv‡e N‡i Zzj‡Z cvi‡j mybvgMÄ †Rjvi Pvwn`v c~iY K‡i AwZwi³ †`o jvL †gwUªK Ub †`‡ki Ab¨Î †hvMvb w`‡Z mÿg n‡e| Gme K_v we‡ePbvq †i‡LB Gevi mybvgM‡Ä †hb AwaK †ev‡iv dmj Drcv`b Kiv hvq Zv wb‡q miKvi I K…lKiv e¨vcK Kvh©µg MÖnY K‡i‡Q|
†ev‡iv gImyg‡K mvg‡b †i‡L gš¿xcwil` mwPe Avjx Bgvb gRyg`vi MZ 24 Rvbyqvwi mybvgMÄ mdi K‡ib| wZwb ÔPjwZ †ev‡iv gImy‡g m‡ev©”P Drcv`b wbwðZ KivÕ wk‡ivbv‡g mvwK©U nvDm wgjbvqZ‡b cÖkvmb, we‡klÁ I mvsevw`K‡`i m‡½ gZ wewbgq mfv K‡ib| mfvq AvMvgx †ev‡iv gImy‡gi m‡e©v”P Drcv`b wbwð‡Z wK c`‡ÿc MÖnY Ges cÖwZeÜKZv wK Av‡Q Zv Rvb‡Z Pvb I Zvi mgvavb w`‡Z †Póv K‡ib| mybvgMÄ †Rjvq Gevi GK jvL 77 nvRvi 500 †n±i Rwg‡K †ev‡iv Pv‡li AvIZvq Avbvi jÿ¨gvÎv avh© Kiv n‡q‡Q| hv G hveZ Kv‡ji m‡e©v”P jÿ¨ gvÎv| Drcv`b jÿ¨gvÎv aiv n‡q‡Q Qq jvL 10 nvRvi †gwUªK Ub| K…wl m¤úÖmvib wefv‡Mi Dc-cwiPvjK Avãyj Rwjj Rvbvb, Gevi jÿ¨gvÎv †_‡K †ekx Pvlvev` I Drcv`b n‡e| †Rjvi 22 nvRvi †n±i Rwg‡Z nvBeªxW avb, GK jvL mvZ nvRvi 550 †n±i Rwg‡Z D”P djbkxj avb (Ddkx) Ges 45 nvRvi †n±i Rwg‡Z ¯’vbxq avb Pvl Kiv n‡”Q| BwZg‡a¨B nvBeªxW 17 nvRvi 290 †n±i, Ddkx, GK jvL cuvP nvRvi 900 †n±i I ¯’vbxq 33 nvRvi 335 †n±i Rwg‡Z avb †ivcb †kl n‡q‡Q| GLb Pj‡Q †mP| Aewkó KvR †deªæqvwii cÖ_g mßv‡n †kl n‡e e‡j| AvMvg eb¨v wKsev e¨vcK eb¨v bv n‡j AvMvgx ˆekvL gv‡mi †kl w`‡K m¤ú~Y© dmj K…lK Zvi †Mvjvq Zzj‡Z cvi‡e e‡j Avkv Kiv hv‡”Q| †gvjøvcvov BDwbq‡bi eywo¯’j MÖv‡gi K…lK AvRgj †nv‡mb Rvbvb, wZwb Gevi MZ eQ‡ii †_‡K Qq weNv †ekx Rwg‡Z avb †ivcb K‡i‡Qb| KviY Rvb‡Z PvB‡j wZwb e‡jb, av‡bi fvj g~j¨ cvIqv‡ZB †ekx Rwg‡Z avb Pvl Ki‡Z AvMÖnx n‡q‡Qb| Z‡e hw` ev¤úvi djb nq Ges av‡bi `vg c‡o hvq Zvn‡j K…lKiv ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡e e‡j wZwb Rvbvb| G wel‡q wZwb miKv‡ii my`„wó Kvgbv Ki‡Qb| K…lK‡`i mv‡_ K_v e‡j Rvbv hvq, Zviv Lye K‡ó gnvR‡bi KvQ †_‡K Pov my‡` UvKv wb‡q Rwg‡Z Pvlvev` K‡i‡Qb| e¨vsK FY wb‡”Qb bv †Kb wRÁvmv Ki‡j Zviv Rvbvb, e¨vsK †_‡K FY wb‡Z Zviv AvMÖnx bq| e¨vsK AvBb-k„•Ljv evwnbxi fq †`wL‡q Amg‡q FY †diZ †`qvi ZvwM` w`‡j Zviv hvi hv wKQy wQj Zv wewµ K‡i e¨vs‡Ki UvKv †diZ w`‡q‡Qb| GLb Avevi wec‡` co‡Z Zviv ivRx bb| Z‡e Gevi K…lK‡`i g‡a¨ Pvlvev` Kivi AvMÖn Ab¨ †h †Kvb eQ‡ii Zzjbvq †ekx| AvMvg eb¨v I eb¨v †_‡K Zv‡`i dmj iÿv Kivi Rb¨ nvIi iÿv evua mwVK mg‡q Kivi cvkvcvwk Zv‡`i‡K mgqgZ mvi †`qvi `vwe Rvbvb| mybvgMÄ †Rjvq AvMvgx †ev‡iv gImy‡gi Rb¨ 22 nvRvi †gwUªK Ub BDwiqv mv‡ii Pvwn`vi wecix‡Z BwZg‡a¨B 21 nvRvi †gwUªK Ub mvi eiv× cvIqv †M‡Q e‡j K…wl m¤úÖmvib Awdm m~‡Î Rvbv †M‡Q| mybvgMÄ †Rjvi †ev‡iv dm‡ji m‡e©v”P Drcv`b wbwðZ Ki‡Z †Rjvi cÖkvmbmn mswkøó mevB e¨vcK ZrciZv Pvwj‡q hv‡”Qb| GB ZrciZv‡K bó Ki‡Z cv‡i hw` mwVK mgq gvbm¤§Z evua wbg©vY Kiv bv nq| G e¨vcv‡i K…lKmn mvaviY RbM‡Yi m‡›`n i‡q‡Q| KviY AZx‡Z GB wefv‡Mi Kvh©µg wb‡q e¨vcK `yb©xwZi Awf‡hvM Av‡Q|
wm‡jU Awdm/mybvgMÄ msev``vZv
nvKvjywKi ZxieZx© A‡j iwek‡m¨i cÖ`k©bx Lvgvi K…lK‡`i gv‡S e¨vcK mvov
|| KzjvDov, msev``vZv ||
cwi‡ek Awa`ßi G eQi DcK‚jxq I Rjvf‚wg Rxe‰ewPΨ e¨e¯’vcbv cÖK‡íi mnvqZvq nvKvjywK nvI‡ii cøveb f‚wg‡Z Mg, fzÆv, gmyi, †Lmvix, gyM, †Qvjv, gvmKjvB, wZj, wZwm, mwilv I KvD‡bi 165wU cÖ`k©bx Lvgvi ¯’vcb K‡i Gme f‚wg el©vKv‡j cvwbi wb‡P, kxZKv‡j AwbwðZ †ev‡iv dmj I †MvPviY f‚wg wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡q AvmwQj| †gŠjfxevRv‡i KzjvDov, Rywo I eo‡jLv Ges wm‡j‡Ui †dÂzMÄ I †MvjvcMÄ Dc‡Rjvi 11wU BDwbq‡bi 50 GKi Rwg‡Z 22wU MÖvg msiÿ‡Yi gva¨‡g cwi‡ek evÜe Pvlvev`, km¨ eûgywLKiY I mgwš^Z evjvB e¨e¯’vcbvq Gme km¨ Pvl Kiv nq| cÖK‡íi K…wl m¤úªmviY Kg©KZ©v †gvt Rvnv½xi Rvbvb, GjvKvq iwek‡m¨i fv‡jv exR cvIqv hvq bv| G eQi †`‡ki wewfbœ GjvKv †_‡K mswiÿZ exR, mvi I †mP BZ¨vw`mn cÖ‡qvRbxq mn‡hvwMZv †`qv nq| G Qvov KzjvDovq fv‡Uiv BDwbq‡bi bIqvMuvI I †MvjvcMÄ Dc‡Rjvi kixdMÄ BDwbq‡bi cÖvwšÍK I f‚wgnxb Pvlxiv PjwZ eQi cÖ_gev‡ii g‡Zv iwe †gŠmy‡g Mg, gmyi, Pxbv ev`vg, KvDb BZ¨vw` cÖ`k©bx Lvgvi Ki‡Z †c‡i Lye Lywk|
QvZ‡K NvZK‡`i Qwemn †cv÷vi
mybvgM‡Äi QvZK Dc‡Rjvi †eŠjv MÖv‡g †Rvov nZ¨vKv‡Ûi m‡½ RwoZ‡`i †MÖdZv‡ii `vwe‡Z MÖvgevmx †mv¯Ívi| BwZg‡a¨ Zviv wewfbœ ai‡bi Kg©m~wP cvj‡bi cvkvcvwk NvZK‡`i Qwe m¤^wjZ †cv÷viI mvuU‡Qb †cŠi kni QvZK I cv‡kB wm‡j‡Ui †Kv¤úvbxMÄ Dc‡Rjvi nvU-evRv‡i| †cv÷v‡i QvZK Dc‡Rjv weGbwcÕi mfvcwZ Ave`ym mwn`mn cuvPR‡bi Qwe i‡q‡Q| AciPviRb n‡”Q †mwjg, jvj wgqv, RvwKi I mybv wgqv| †cv÷v‡ii fvlv n‡”Q, ÔIiv wbg©g nZ¨vKvix, G‡`iawi‡q w`bÕ| MZ 13 Rvbyqvwi `yB m‡nv`i AvKj wgqv (45) I dviæK wgqv (40) †Kv¤úvbxM‡Äi nvjyKKzwo nvI‡i `ye„©Ë‡`i nvgjvq NUbv¯’‡jB wbnZ nb| GKB NUbvq Zv‡`i Aci fvB Rvnv½xi Avjg (25) ¸iæZi AvnZ n‡q wm‡jU Imgvbx †gwW‡Kj K‡jR nvmcvZv‡j GL‡bv wPwKrmvaxb| †Rvov nZ¨vKv‡Ûi ciB †Kv¤úvbxMÄ _vbvq QvZK Dc‡Rjv weGbwc mfvcwZ Avãym mwn`, fvB Avãym †mvenvb I Zvi †Q‡j Avãyj Kvw`i †mwjgmn 18 Rb‡K Avmvgx K‡i gvgjv K‡ib wbnZ‡`i Av‡iK fvB Lwjjyi ingvb gvwbK| cywjk `yBRb‡K †MÖdZvi Ki‡jI Aci KvD‡K GL‡bv †MÖdZvi Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| gvgjvi GRvnv‡i Awf‡hvM Kiv n‡q‡Q, weMZ †RvU miKv‡ii mgq QvZK Dc‡Rjvq †`v`©Û cÖZvckvjx Ave`ym mwn` Rwg `L‡ji j‡ÿ¨ Zvi †jvK †jwj‡q w`‡j Zviv msNe× n‡q AZwK©‡Z nvgjv Pvwj‡q `yB fvB‡K nZ¨v K‡i| nvRx Avãym mwn‡`i PvPvZ fvB bIqve Avjx 1954 mv‡j †eŠjv MÖv‡gi gmwR` I C`Mvq 34 kZK Rwg `vb K‡iwQ‡jb| H mgq cyivZb gmwR‡`i †gvZvIqvjøx wQ‡jb weGbwc †bZv Avãym mwn‡`i wcZv nvRx Imgvb Avjx| cieZ©x‡Z Rwi‡ci mgq D³ Rwg Imgvb Avjxi bv‡gB †iKW©f~³ nq| 1960 mv‡j †mLv‡b C`Mvn wbg©vY Kiv nq MÖvgevmxi mnvqZvq| Rwg `vbKvix bIqve Avjx wKQyw`b c‡i gmwR` I C`MvnÕi bv‡g Iqvqd K‡i †`b| Gw`‡K C`Mvn wbg©v‡Yi ci b`x Zx‡ii Aewkó AvU kZK Rwg wb‡q Avãym mwn‡`i mv‡_ MÖvgevmxi we‡iva †`Lv †`q| wZwb †mLv‡b wiKkvi M¨v‡iR wbg©vY K‡ib| MÖvgevmx‡K wb‡q GB M¨v‡iR wbg©v‡Yi wec‡ÿ Ae¯’vb †bb Avãym mwn‡`i AvZ¥xq AvKj wgqv, dviæK wgqv I Lwjjyi ingvb gvwbK| m¤úÖwZ †hŠ_evwnbxmn miKv‡ii wewfbœ `߇i G wb‡q Awf‡hvM †`b Avãym mwn‡`i GB AvZ¥xqiv| G‡Z wZwb Zv‡`i Dci wÿß nb| gvgjvi evw` Lwjjyi ingvb gvwbK Rvwb‡q‡Qb, NUbvi w`b mKv‡j †eŠjv MÖv‡gi iBQ Avjx I ev`kv wgqv Zvi evox‡Z G‡m we‡iva wb®úwËi cÖ¯Íve †`b| H mgq Lwjjyi ingvb gvwb‡Ki Kv‡Q Lei Av‡m MÖv‡gi gv‡V Avãym mwn` I Zvi †jvKRb AvKj wgqv Ges dviæK wgqv‡K nZ¨v K‡i‡Q| NUbvi e¨vcv‡i †dv‡b Avãym mwn‡`i m‡½ †hvMv‡hvM Ki‡j wZwb Rvbvb, NUbvi w`b wZwb I Zvi †Q‡j evwo‡Z wQ‡jb bv| gvgjvi Z`šÍKvix Kg©KZ©v Lvqiæj Bmjvg Rvbvb, Avmvgx‡`i †MÖdZv‡ii †Póv Ae¨vnZ i‡q‡Q|
fvi‡Zi m‡½ mxgvšÍeZ©x Rwgi wb¯úwË 68 eQi a‡i SzjšÍ
evsjv‡`k I fviZ mxgv‡šÍi 1363 b¤^i wcjvi msjMœ wm‡j‡Ui weqvbxevRvi †bvqvMvuI †gŠRv GL‡bv Rwi‡ci AšÍf~©³ Kiv nqwb| GB GKwU †gŠRv Qvov Dc‡Rjvi meKÕwU †gŠRvi Rwic KvR MZ eQi †kl n‡q‡Q| Av‡`Š †bvqvMuvI †gŠRvwU Rwic n‡e wKbv †m m¤ú‡K© mswkøóiv cwi¯‹vi K‡i wKQyB ej‡Z cvi‡Qb bv| G‡Z K‡i ixwZgZ msk‡q c‡o‡Qb †gŠRv GjvKvq emevmKvixiv| †bvqvMvuI †gŠRvi 137 GKi Rwg wb‡q fvi‡Zi m‡½ we‡iva `xN©w`‡bi| GB Rwg `vwemn fviZxq bvMwiK‡`i `L‡ji †Póv GL‡bv Ae¨vnZ i‡q‡Q| emevmKvix‡`i `vwe Zviv DËivwaKvi m~‡Î Rwgi gvwjK| GLb Rwicg~‡j gvwjKvbv bv †c‡j AvgiY Abkb Kiv Qvov Zv‡`i mvg‡b Avi †Kvb c_ †Lvjv †bB| e„wUk kvm‡bi mgq 1940 mv‡ji 28 †g Avmvg miKvi 5133/GBP †bvwUwd‡Kkb †iWK¬xd bKkv Abymv‡i fvi‡Zi KwigMÄ I wm‡j‡Ui weqvbxevRvi GjvKvi mxgvbv wba©viY Kiv nq| †mB wnmv‡e 1947 mv‡j fviZ wefw³i ga¨w`‡q †bvqvMvuI †gŠRv evsjv‡`‡ki (ZrKvjxb c~e©cvwK¯Ívb) AšÍf©~³ nq| wKš‘ 137 GKi Rwgi mxgvbv wcjviwU fviZxq As‡k n‡jI Rwg wQj †bvqvMvuIevmxi `L‡j| 1966 mv‡ji 3 Rvbyqvwi †bvqvMvuI †gŠRvi †jvKRb GB Rwg Pvlvev` Ki‡Z †M‡j fviZxq mxgvšÍiÿx weGmGd ¸wj †Qv‡o| H mgq ¸wj‡Z GKwU wkï wbnZ n‡qwQj| GB NUbvi ci Rwgi `Lj wb‡q wewWAvi I weGmGdÕi g‡a¨ K‡qK `dv ¸wj wewbg‡qi NUbv N‡U‡Q| 1999 mv‡ji 19 AvMó weGmGd mxgv‡šÍ GK Zidv kw³ evwo‡q cÖvq kZvwaK bvMwiK‡K wb‡q evsjv‡`‡ki Af¨šÍ‡i Rwg `L‡ji †PóvI K‡iwQj| wewWAvi I ¯’vbxqiv evuav w`‡j wewWAviÕi m‡½ cÖvq 5 N›Uv weGbGdÕi ¸wj wewbgq n‡qwQj| Ae¯’v Ggb ch©v‡q wM‡qwQj †h weGmGd PviRb wewWAvi RIqvb‡K a‡i wb‡q hvq| GB NUbvi 12 w`b ci 31 AvMó m~ZviKvw›` †PK‡cv‡÷i wR‡iv jvB‡b me©‡kl `yB †`‡ki mxgvšÍiÿx ch©v‡q cZvKv ˆeVK nq| ˆeV‡K †bvqvMvuI †gŠRvi Rwg‡Z AZx‡Zi gZ evsjv‡`‡ki bvMwiKiv webv evavq Pvlvev` Ki‡Z cvi‡e g‡g© mg‡SvZv nq| c‡i †m‡Uj‡g›U Rwi‡c evsjv‡`kx bvMwiK‡`i bv‡g wWwc LwZqv‡b †iKW©f~³ nq| wewWAvi I ¯’vbxq m~Î Rvbvq, we‡ivac~b© f~wgmn †bvqvMvuI †gŠRvi mgy`q f~wg‡Z evsjv‡`kx‡`i `L‡j i‡q‡Q| gvwjK‡`i ¯úó K_v, DËivwaKvi m~‡Î cvIqv c~e© cyiæ‡li Rwgi `Lj Qvov hv‡e bv, cÖ‡qvR‡b i³ Si‡e|
wm‡jU Awdm
kªxg½j-kg‡kibMi mo‡Ki `yie¯’v
|| KgjMÄ (†gŠjfxevRvi) msev``vZv ||
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wm‡j‡U ccyjvi BÝy¨‡i‡Ýi m‡¤§jb
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mybvgM‡Ä gwgbyj gDR`xb ¯§i‡Y bvUK g¯’
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dLiæj Bmjvg
wkÿv cÖwZôv‡b †KvgjgwZ QvÎ-QvÎx‡`i m¤§y‡L e¨vÛ msMxZ Kiv hv‡e bv
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†dÂzMÄ mvi KviLvbvi †mB †hŠeb Avi †bB
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dLiæj Bmjvg
†hŠ_evwnbxi ZË¡veav‡b wm‡j‡Ui Abvev`x Rwg‡Z †mvbv dj‡Q
wm‡j‡U ïK‡bv gImy‡g Abvev`x Rwg‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡bvi D‡`¨vM wb‡q‡Q †hŠ_ evwnbx| av‡bi gImyg †k‡l nvZ-cv ¸wU‡q N‡i e‡m bv †_‡K Abvev`x Rwg‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡j evowZ Avq n‡e| wKš‘ Abvev`x Rwg‡Z wK Ki‡Zn‡e †m e¨vcv‡i A‡bK K…lKB †Kvb wm×všÍ wb‡Z cv‡iwb| hviv wm×všÍnxbZvi g‡a¨ wQ‡jb Zv‡`i w`‡K nvZ evwo‡q w`‡q‡Q wm‡j‡Ui Av_©-mvgvwRK Dbœq‡b †hŠ_ evwnbxi ZË¡veav‡b MwVZ wm‡jU dvD‡Ûkb Ges wm‡jU †P¤^vi Ae Kgvm© GÛ BÛvwóªR| BwZg‡a¨ ˆRšÍvcyi I wm‡jU m`i Dc‡Rjvq QqwU cÖK‡íi Aax‡b cÖvq †`o nvRvi weNv Rwg‡Z cvBjU cÖ‡R‡±i KvR ïiæ n‡q‡Q| Gme cÖ‡R± mdj Ki‡Z K…lK‡`i Avw_©K I wewfbœfv‡e mnvqZv †`qv n‡”Q|
cÖevmx Aay¨wlZ wm‡j‡U mwVK w`K wb‡`©kbvi Afv‡e eQ‡ii AwaKvsk mgq Abvev`x c‡o _v‡K miKvwi I e¨w³ gvwjKvbvi nvRvi nvRvi weNv Rwg| Gme Rwg‡Z mvgvb¨ e¨‡q Pvlvev` Ki‡j Drcvw`Z dmj K…l‡Ki fv‡M¨i cwieZ©b wbwðZ †m m¤ú‡K© Zv‡`i †Kvb avibv †bB| ZvQvov fv‡M¨i cwieZ©‡bi cvkvcvwk †`‡ki Lv`¨ Pvwn`v c~i‡b e¨vcK f~wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡i †mwU †Pv‡L Av½yj w`‡q †`wL‡q w`‡q‡Q wm‡j‡Ui †hŠ_ evwnbx| MZ eQ‡ii 11 Rvbyqvwi †`‡ki cU cwieZ©b n‡j wm‡j‡Ui Av_©mvgvwRK Dbœq‡b †hŠ_ evwnbx MVb K‡i wm‡jU dvD‡Ûkb| Zviv me ai‡bi Kv‡Ri m‡½ `„wó †`q wm‡j‡Ui Pvlvev‡`i cÖwZ| miKvwi I e¨w³ gvwjKvbvaxb nvRvi nvRvi weNv Abvev`x Rwg‡Z Zviv Pvlvev‡`i D‡`¨vM †bq| Zv‡`i GB cÖ‡Póvq nvZ evwo‡q w`‡q‡Q wm‡jU †P¤^vi Ae Kgvm© GÛ BÛvwóªR| ïiæ nq hvÎv| cÖ_‡g cvBjU cª‡R± wnmv‡e ˆRšÍvcyi Dc‡Rjvi miKvwi Lvm Rwg‡Z cuvPwU cÖKí nv‡Z †bqv nq| Gig‡a¨ Avmvg cvovq eb wefv‡Mi AvovBkÕ weNv Rwg‡Z Pvlvev` Kiv n‡”Q| Avi G‡Z Avw_©K fv‡e mnvqZv Ki‡Q wm‡jU †P¤^vi Ae Kgvm© I wm‡jU dvD‡Ûkb| GB cÖ‡R‡± BwZg‡a¨ bM` `yB jvL UvKv I Rwg Pv‡li Dc‡hvMx Ki‡Z `yBwU cvIqvi wUjvi I webvg~‡j¨ †cqv‡Ri exR w`‡q‡Q wm‡jU dvD‡Ûkb I wm‡jU †P¤^vi Ae Kgvm©| Pvl Kiv n‡q‡Q klv, wgwó Kygov, gvkKjvB, Avjy, ZigyR, eiewU, divm, gyjv I wcuqvR| djb fvj nIqvq GiB g‡a¨ GB cÖ‡R‡±i wKQy mewR evRviRvZ Kiv ïiæ n‡q‡Q| cÖ‡R± ¯’vbxqfv‡e †`Lvïbv K‡ib ¯’vbxq †Pqvig¨vb GLjvQ DwÏb| Ab¨w`‡K wbRcvU GjvKvq AvovBkÕ weNv Rwg‡Z Pvl Kiv n‡q‡Q ZigyR| Avi Gi Rb¨ Pv‡li LiP wnmv‡e GKkÕ Rb Pvlx‡K cuvP nvRvi K‡i †gvU cuvP jvL UvKv †`qv n‡q‡Q| cÖ‡R± †_‡K kxZ we`vq †bqvi Av‡MB dj cvIqv hv‡e e‡j g‡b Ki‡Qb ¯’vbxqfv‡e `vwq‡Z¡ _vKv ¯’vbxq †Pqvig¨vb †`Šjv|
GQvov kªx‡Lj GjvKvi cÖ‡R‡± BwZg‡a¨ Pvl Kiv n‡q‡Q kxZKvjxb mewR Avjy, U‡g‡Uv, klv, †cqvR, ZigyR, gwiP, †e¸b I wgwó jvD| cÖ‡R±wUi e¨e¯’vcbv cwiPvjK ¯’vbxq BDwc †Pqvig¨vb Kvgvj Avng` Rvbvb, ÔeQ‡ii ci eQi Gme Rwg Abvev`x c‡o _vK‡jI †hŠ_ evwnbxi D‡`¨v‡M Avgiv 450 weNv Rwg‡Z mewR Pvl KiwQ| G †_‡K Avgiv †`L‡Z cviwQ Av‡jvi gyL| GB cÖ‡R‡± wm‡jU dvD‡Ûk‡bi cÿ †_‡K Rwg Pv‡li Rb¨ GKwU cvIqvi wUjvi I †P¤^vi Ae Kgvm© Gi cÿ ‡_‡K bM` GK jvL UvKv †`qv n‡q‡Q|
`ie¯Í GjvKvq †`okÕ weNv wRg‡Z Av‡iv GKwU cÖ‡R± Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖ‡R‡±i bvg †`qv n‡q‡Q meyR wecøe| GLv‡b Pvl Kiv n‡q‡Q jvjkvK, gyjv, evavKwc, dzjKwc, Mg, klv, divm, eiewU, †¯‹vqvm I wgwó jvD| Gme cÖ‡R± †`‡L ¯’vbxq K…lKiv wb‡RivB D×z× n‡q hyM hyM a‡i ¸wU‡q ivLv Ajm nvZ Pvlvev‡` jvwM‡q‡Qb| ¯’vbxq K…lKiv Rvbv‡jb, Abvev`x Rwg‡Z †mvbvi dmj d‡j Zviv Gi Av‡M Rvb‡Zb bv| ˆRšÍvcyi Dc‡Rjvi wbe©vnx Kg©KZv© wRjøyi ingvb †PŠayix Rvbvb, Avbvev`x Rwg‡Z Pvlvev` Ki‡Z K…lK‡`i DrmvwnZ Ki‡ZB Gme cÖ‡R± nv‡Z †bqv n‡q‡Q| wZwb Avkv K‡ib Drcv`b hv n‡”Q Zv‡Z wm‡j‡Ui mewR Pvwn`v A‡bKvs‡k c~i‡b mÿg n‡e Ges GB kx‡ZB wm‡j‡Ui wbqš¿Ynxb evRv‡i mewRi `vg A‡bKUv mnbxq ch©v‡q P‡j Avm‡e|
Ab¨w`‡K wm‡jU †P¤^vi Ae Kgvm© GÛ BÛvwóª‡Ri cwiPvjK I Rvjvjvev` †fwR‡Uej GÛ †d«v‡Rb d«zUm Bg‡cvU©vi G‡mvwm‡qk‡bi mvavib m¤úv`K wnRwKj ¸jRvi e‡jb, Gme cÖ‡R‡± Zviv †h mydj †`L‡Z cv‡”Qb Zv‡Z wm‡j‡Ui Ab¨vb¨ Dc‡Rjvq Abvev`x Rwg‡Z mewR Pvl K‡i wm‡j‡Ui Pvwn`v wgwU‡q we‡`‡k idZvbx Kivi wPšÍv-fvebv Ki‡Qb| GQvov `wÿb myigv GjvKvq Av‡iv 400 weNv Rwg‡Z bZzb GKwU cÖ‡R± ïiæ Kiv n‡q‡Q e‡j Rvbv‡jb wm‡jU †P¤^vi Ae Kgv‡m©i mfvcwZ Rybœyb gvngy` Lvb|
wm‡jU dvD‡Ûkb weqvbxevRvi Dc‡Rjvi gvwURywi MÖv‡g eb¨vi cvwb‡Z hv‡Z K…lK‡`i dmj bó bv nq †m Rb¨ ïK‡bv gImy‡gB cÖvq 60 nvRvi UvKv e¨v‡q GKwU eva wbgv©b K‡i w`‡q‡Q| cvkvcvwk cÖvq 100 GKi Rwg‡Z Pvlvev‡`i Rb¨ 200 K…l‡Ki g‡a¨ cvIqvi wUjvi Ges mvi I ex‡Ri Rb¨ bM` 50 nvRvi UvKv †`qv n‡q‡Q|
fvi‡Zi m‡½ mxgvšÍeZ©x Rwgi wb¯úwË 68 eQi a‡i SzjšÍ
evsjv‡`k I fviZ mxgv‡šÍi 1363 b¤^i wcjvi msjMœ wm‡j‡Ui weqvbxevRvi †bvqvMvuI †gŠRv GL‡bv Rwi‡ci AšÍf~©³ Kiv nqwb| GB GKwU †gŠRv Qvov Dc‡Rjvi meKÕwU †gŠRvi Rwic KvR MZ eQi †kl n‡q‡Q| Av‡`Š †bvqvMuvI †gŠRvwU Rwic n‡e wKbv †m m¤ú‡K© mswkøóiv cwi¯‹vi K‡i wKQyB ej‡Z cvi‡Qb bv| G‡Z K‡i ixwZgZ msk‡q c‡o‡Qb †gŠRv GjvKvq emevmKvixiv| †bvqvMvuI †gŠRvi 137 GKi Rwg wb‡q fvi‡Zi m‡½ we‡iva `xN©w`‡bi| GB Rwg `vwemn fviZxq bvMwiK‡`i `L‡ji †Póv GL‡bv Ae¨vnZ i‡q‡Q| emevmKvix‡`i `vwe Zviv DËivwaKvi m~‡Î Rwgi gvwjK| GLb Rwicg~‡j gvwjKvbv bv †c‡j AvgiY Abkb Kiv Qvov Zv‡`i mvg‡b Avi †Kvb c_ †Lvjv †bB| e„wUk kvm‡bi mgq 1940 mv‡ji 28 †g Avmvg miKvi 5133/GBP †bvwUwd‡Kkb †iWK¬xd bKkv Abymv‡i fvi‡Zi KwigMÄ I wm‡j‡Ui weqvbxevRvi GjvKvi mxgvbv wba©viY Kiv nq| †mB wnmv‡e 1947 mv‡j fviZ wefw³i ga¨w`‡q †bvqvMvuI †gŠRv evsjv‡`‡ki (ZrKvjxb c~e©cvwK¯Ívb) AšÍf©~³ nq| wKš‘ 137 GKi Rwgi mxgvbv wcjviwU fviZxq As‡k n‡jI Rwg wQj †bvqvMvuIevmxi `L‡j| 1966 mv‡ji 3 Rvbyqvwi †bvqvMvuI †gŠRvi †jvKRb GB Rwg Pvlvev` Ki‡Z †M‡j fviZxq mxgvšÍiÿx weGmGd ¸wj †Qv‡o| H mgq ¸wj‡Z GKwU wkï wbnZ n‡qwQj| GB NUbvi ci Rwgi `Lj wb‡q wewWAvi I weGmGdÕi g‡a¨ K‡qK `dv ¸wj wewbg‡qi NUbv N‡U‡Q|
1999 mv‡ji 19 AvMó weGmGd mxgv‡šÍ GK Zidv kw³ evwo‡q cÖvq kZvwaK bvMwiK‡K wb‡q evsjv‡`‡ki Af¨šÍ‡i Rwg `L‡ji †PóvI K‡iwQj| wewWAvi I ¯’vbxqiv evuav w`‡j wewWAviÕi m‡½ cÖvq 5 N›Uv weGbGdÕi ¸wj wewbgq n‡qwQj| Ae¯’v Ggb ch©v‡q wM‡qwQj †h weGmGd PviRb wewWAvi RIqvb‡K a‡i wb‡q hvq| GB NUbvi 12 w`b ci 31 AvMó m~ZviKvw›` †PK‡cv‡÷i wR‡iv jvB‡b me©‡kl `yB †`‡ki mxgvšÍiÿx ch©v‡q cZvKv ˆeVK nq| ˆeV‡K †bvqvMvuI †gŠRvi Rwg‡Z AZx‡Zi gZ evsjv‡`‡ki bvMwiKiv webv evavq Pvlvev` Ki‡Z cvi‡e g‡g© mg‡SvZv nq| c‡i †m‡Uj‡g›U Rwi‡c evsjv‡`kx bvMwiK‡`i bv‡g wWwc LwZqv‡b †iKW©f~³ nq| wewWAvi I ¯’vbxq m~Î Rvbvq, we‡ivac~b© f~wgmn †bvqvMvuI †gŠRvi mgy`q f~wg‡Z evsjv‡`kx‡`i `L‡j i‡q‡Q| gvwjK‡`i ¯úó K_v, DËivwaKvi m~‡Î cvIqv c~e© cyiæ‡li Rwgi `Lj Qvov hv‡e bv, cÖ‡qvR‡b i³ Si‡e|
wm‡jU Awdm/weqvbxevRvi †_‡K msev``vZv
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